TREATMENT
A small collapsed lung may go away on its own, needing only rest and oxygen therapy. Other treatment options include a doctor using a needle to pull the extra air out from around the lung. This allows it to expand more fully.
A large pneumothorax may require a chest tube to be placed between the ribs and into the space around the lungs to help drain the air and give the lung a chance to expand. This chest tube can be left in place for several days, but does require patient hospitalization.
Treatment in the lay rescuer setting centers on oxygen therapy to help the patient breathe easier and perfuse better. A calming tone will help as your patient will also be very anxious. If you suspect a collapsed lung in a passenger, notify the PIC and Aircare Access immediately.
PEDIATRIC AIRWAY CONCERNS CROUP
Croup is an inflammation of the upper airway. Croup usually affects children between the ages of 6 months and 4 years. When the airway narrows, the child will experience increased breathing difficulties. Signs of croup include a sympathetic response and a loud “barking” cough. Parents describe the sound like a seal barking. A change in humidity often helps break the cough.
Although difficult to accomplish on an airplane, steam from a hot shower or cool, moist air from outdoors will help break the cough. Having the patient breathe through a hot, moist towel may be sufficient in the aviation setting.
EPIGLOTTITIS
Epiglottitis, although very rare, can be much more serious than croup. It is a bacterial infection that usually strikes children up to the age of 12. This infection causes the epiglottis to become inflamed and swell, which can eventually lead to a completely obstructed airway.
Be alert for a sore throat that gets progressively worse followed by difficulty swallowing, high fever, noisy respirations and pronounced drooling. The best possible emergency treatment is to keep the child calm, notify the pilot in charge and call Aircare Access immediately. Medical intervention will be necessary for this child.
Respiratory System 35
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