Figure SPM.1. Relationship between planetary health and human health


Household cooking / bush and forest fires / urban pollution and greenhouse gases Highest cause of death, sickness and displacement globally


Desertification, deforestation and chemical pollution Impact on access to land and jobs


Pollution (including antibiotics/nano), extraction > recharge Impact on water security, health and jobs


Decline in levels of fish stocks, plastic waste, coral bleaching and polar melting Loss of cheap protein and jobs


Pollinator decline; extinction of genes, species and ecosystems Impact on food security and zoonosis


Healthy planet


NOTE: Dotted arrows show how things may be experienced differently in various parts of the world Healthy people


Good health Low


Source: Gupta et al. (2019).


Note: The figure shows the degree of impact of human activity on the health of the planet (ranging from good health to irreversible damage) and the impact of the health of the planet on human health (ranging from low damage to high damage). Some environmental and health impact may be remediable in the short or long term, but “irreversible” environmental impact can only be remedied over the very long term, if at all.


Adverse impact on public health worldwide


Irreversible Very high


Stable


Reversible


What is the Global Environment Outlook?


5


Interconnectedness of Earth system components


Author ranking of impacts at the global level


Socioecological systems Biodiversity Oceans Water Land Atmosphere


© Shutterstock/Rawpixel.com


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28