Table of Contents Simple Machines
Materials • US Sailing - Learn Sailing Right! Beginner Chapters 2-4 • Student Sheet 1 Scavenger Hunt Sheets (1 per group) • Student Sheet 2 Rigging (1 per person) • One de-rigged instructional boat • One de-rigged boat per group for pulley (block) identification, rigging and sailing • Clipboards (1 per group)
Sailing Centers
Implement Parts I, II, III, and IV. Part I is important for beginning sailors. Instructors may want to focus on rigging and parts of the boat. You may want to implement Parts II and III on a bad weather day and Part IV when sailors have developed more confidence and skills on the water. The goal of this lesson is for students to become more familiar with how the sailboat works especially the purchase and blocks. Students should apply this knowledge to forces and simple machines in the classroom. For more experienced sailors challenge them with rigging in reference to wind conditions.
Formal Classroom Settings
Sailing is filled with simple machines, from the ramps to put boats in the water to every line using a pulley (block) to reduce the amount of work required to trim your sails. Start by implementing Part I and review previous classroom lessons or activities you may have completed. Next implement Parts II and IV, have your local sailing center bring a boat over to share outside with your students. This is more fun and easier for students to connect to. They can also practice rigging the boats. Finally complete part III outdoors.
Career Connection
Engineers, Crane Operators, Machinist. * Remind students that sometimes designing the smaller parts of something larger is an important job.
Background Knowledge
Explain to students that a force is a push or pull that can change the way something moves. For example, when you throw a ball you use a force to make it move. When you catch a ball, you use a force to stop its motion. Any push or pull is a force.
Review with students that heavier objects require more force to move. For example, a bowling ball is harder to throw than a table tennis ball. Some objects are so heavy that people need machines to use them. A simple machine can change the direction or significance of a force in different ways to make work easier. It can change the way a force is used to make it more effective.
A ramp, or inclined plane, is a simple machine with a slanted surface. It helps people and things move between higher and lower places. Discuss different ramps children have seen or used, such as moving ramps, disabled accessibility ramps, or slides on the playground. Explain that it takes a
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