Transcripts
So, we can say that Cornaro invented the first fad diet. But we can’t say that he was wrong – he lived until he was 98. Very impressive! In the late 19th
century, a man called Horace Fletcher had
a theory. He believed that you should chew every mouthful of food at least 32 times. He said we need all that chewing to digest our food properly. That way, we don’t get sick. The theory made Fletcher very rich. But science has moved on, and no one follows his advice today. The ‘grapefruit diet’ was popular in Hollywood in the 1930s – and it still has fans today. Followers of the diet believe that if you eat a grapefruit together with fatty foods, you won’t put on weight. The acid in the grapefruit breaks down the fat. Nice try! But there is no evidence that this diet makes people healthier. Celebrities often try fad diets. Beyoncé believes in the ‘master cleanse diet’. Followers of the diet stop eating for short periods. Instead, they drink a mixture of lemon and water, flavoured with syrup and pepper. Delicious, I’m sure. The diet tries to clear all the toxins from our bodies. ‘Toxin’ is the scientific word for a harmful substance. But most
experts think that the diet is dangerous. Kim Kardashian loves the Atkins diet. On the Atkins diet you eat lots of meat, fish, cheese and eggs. You can eat some vegetables, but not too many. But you can’t have any bread, pasta, potatoes or cereals. The diet helps people lose weight quickly, and many people say it has changed their life. On the other hand, research shows that most people can’t keep their weight down for long. It’s clear, then: what works for one person may not work so well for another. It makes sense, when you think about it. Our bodies – especially our stomachs – are full of millions and millions of different microorganisms. Microorganisms are tiny living things, like bacteria. In fact, 90% of the cells in our bodies are not human! How very strange! Imagine the variety of microorganisms inside your stomach for a moment. It’s like a rainforest in there! And, just as every rainforest is different, everyone has a different mix of microorganisms. And, therefore, everyone digests food in a slightly different way. So, here’s some final, 21st
century, advice.
Eat sensibly and listen to health advice from reliable sources, but don’t go crazy worrying about your diet. Know your body. Listen to it. Find a diet that makes you feel happy and healthy, and stick to it. Your health is the most important thing you have.
Unit 11
11.1 a surveyor b advisor c dentist d developer e banker f paramedic g engineer
11.2
This programme is for young people who are thinking about the future and the kind of business they want to work in. You need to think about lots of things, for example, ‘What am I good at?’ or ‘What do I like doing?’. You also need to think about money. There are two questions you need to answer. One, is the sector I want to work in successful? And two, will I earn a good salary? Let’s look at some of the most popular sectors for graduates at the moment.
First of all, one of the biggest sectors is construction. The construction industry made $1.7 trillion last year. Graduates can expect a starting salary of about $33,000.
What about a sector that focuses on people? Well, the human resources sector made $12.3 billion last year, which is well below construction but is still successful. Starting salaries are around $28,000.
And talking of money, how about finance? You probably won’t be surprised to hear that the financial services industry makes a lot of money – $1.26 trillion a year to be precise. Salaries depend on which area you work in. To give an example, investment banking offers a very generous $65,000 a year. A very good start for a career.
Now gas, oil, solar, wind, all the different types of energy, make up the energy business. Last year, it made $17.5 billion and new recruits get $36,000.
That’s a lot less than was made on computers, though. The IT services industry made $19.3 billion and graduates earned $45,000.
But what is the most important thing in the world? What do we care about most? It’s our health, of course! And that’s why the healthcare industry made an incredible $21.8 billion last year. But the pay isn’t that great; a doctor only gets around $33,000 in their first year.
English for the 21st
Century • Transcripts
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