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PEX PIPE | MATERIALS


began to deteriorate – due to the wearing down of organic antioxidants that were added during pipe manufacture. The stagnation time of drinking water in contact with the PEX-a material before a sample was taken had a major effect on the analysed migration of organic compounds. This shows that the amount of organic compounds that can migrate into the water will increases when stagnation time increases. “In this study, water samples were taken after overnight stagnation – whereas in normal use it is advisable to run water properly before drinking it,” said the researchers. “Instructions will be needed for the average user to avoid harmful health effects.” The research was published in the journal


Materials.


Chemical leaching Meanwhile, research led by Northeastern University in the USA has concluded that lifecycle analysis (LCA) of PEX piping should include results from chemical leaching during the usage phase of the pipe. “LCA is increasingly being considered in


material selection decisions for residential drinking water piping,” said the researchers. “However, chemical leaching during the use phase has typically been excluded – even though delivery of safe water is the core function of water distribution infrastructure.” The researchers measured the toxicity contribu-


tion of leached organics from eight PEX pipe brands. Upstream emissions from PEX pipe production were combined with empirical total organic carbon (TOC) data from leaching tests. The total mass of organic contaminants ingested over a pipe’s lifetime was estimated by fitting leach- ing data with kinetic models and integrating leaching concentrations and daily water use over time. Potential human toxicity from use-phase ingestion was evaluated using a range of human effect factors. New, non-carcinogenic human toxicological


effect factors were derived for around half of the 62 leached organic compounds that were identified. Results showed that potential human toxicity from upstream pipe production tended to exceed toxicity during the use phase toxicity. “But leached contaminants can be a substantial


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