Insect sustainability In Australia, feed for the main aquaculture species (Atlantic salmon) is becoming more sustainable through replacing more of soybean meal or fishmeal with black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) made from flies that have been fed food waste. Duncan Rowland, executive officer at the Feed Ingredients and Additives Association of Australia and Stock Feed Manu- facturers Council of Australia, notes that BSFLM is already also found in poultry feed in some states and work is underway to certify it for pig production. For aquaculture, feed needs to be extruded so that it doesn’t break down in the water column before being consumed, but for poultry or pigs, a pelleted form is fine. “We have a number of BSFLM producers in East- ern Australia and there is plenty of food waste,” says Rowland. “The issue is scaling up. GoTerra, based in Canberra, collects up to two tonnes of waste a week from the household gar- bage stream. The system is also equipped to deal with the waste disposal systems of high-rise buildings. For the aqua- culture and poultry sectors (but not yet for pigs), BSFLM can also be fed waste from meat processing plants.” Two insect feed mills have been built in the last 18 months in Tasmania, both extrusion mills that produce feed for Atlantic salmon, says Rowland. In addition, because new fin fish enterprises have also started up in Western Australia, impending retrofits to feed mills − or the building of new plants − are expected. Arnaud Bouxin, deputy secretary general of the EU feed asso- ciation FEFAC, says the development of new protein sources
based on insects (also microbial biomass purpose-produced or as a co-product from fermentation) is growing, mostly for fish and young farm animals. “With the stimulation of use of non-human edible biomass as feed, in particular proteins, there is a potential for increased use of these emerging re- sources,” he says. “Former foodstuffs are far from new as a feed ingredient, but their nutritional value and low environ- mental footprint are increasingly appreciated, both for mono- gastrics and ruminants.” And while the adoption of new feed ingredients is based on many factors, the feed sector, says Bouxin, often has “to assess what is available at a competitive price. In this context, we will also still need to make the best of feed ingredients with lower nutritional value.” Bouxin believes the EU feed sector is actively working to ad- dress the challenges put forward in the EU Green Deal and the FEFAC Feed Sustainability Charter 2030. “We’re expecting to see, for example, innovative feed formulation, new pro- cessing techniques and feed additives to reduce enteric fer- mentation and methane emissions in ruminants,” he says, “as well as new efficient antioxidants to optimise resource use.” Bouxin adds that because the risk of mycotoxin exposure is likely to increase due to climate change and the increasing use of co-products, access to mycotoxin binders is likely to become even more essential. The FEFAC Feed Sustainability Charter 2030, which was pre- sented in late September, consists of five ambitions on how the EU feed sector can become more sustainable in the next
▶ ALL ABOUT FEED | Volume 28, No. 10, 2020
What are the biggest trends expected to im- pact the feed in- dustry in the year ahead?
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