41
either an average result if both sets of data are within the calibration curve, or selection of data if only one is within the calibration curve. It is also possible to add a detection limit if no peak is detected or lower than the bottom standard used.
This type of report would usually involve an analyst manually creating a document from the various sample injections, here we can see that the report shows which results are outside the calibration data set, and the amalgamated results, including use of a limit value.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated the development of a new robust liquid chromatography method successfully resolving 11 common cannabinoids using 3D-photodiode array detection. Furthermore, the ability to use intelligent tools such as i-PDeA to help quantify challenging separations or co-eluting peaks caused by impurities or matrices from real samples, will improve laboratory productivity.
Shimadzu has the use of both Labsolutions DB and CS, which are fully compliant. The two options both enable full data integrity, including all data being encrypted to ensure security. The full compliance (if needed) has transparency, legitimacy and validity of the data generated within a regulated environment.
The additional option, Multidata Report, as shown in the reporting section, is another intelligent tool that can be used to customise
Figure 8: A single e-liquid vape sample
the sample report generated to highlight results (pass/fail can be coloured or labelled), making report summaries easily understood.
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to Veronica Paget at ACD Labs for her continued support with the LC Simulator software. Thanks also Shimadzu Europe for supplying the necessary column for the assay. Finally, thanks to Shimadzu Scientific Inc. for the initial methodology which was used as the basis for this work.
References
1. UK Home Office Drug Licensing Factsheet – Cannabis, CBD and other Cannabinoids.
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/757786/factsheet- cannabis-cbd-and-cannabinoids-v1-3-2018.pdf
2. Wang, M., Wang, Y. H., Avula, B., Radwan, M. M., Wanas, A. S., van Antwerp, J., ... & Khan, I. A. (2016). Decarboxylation study of acidic cannabinoids: a novel approach using ultra-high-performance supercritical fluid chromatography/photodiode array-mass spectrometry. Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 1(1), 262-271.
3. Bureau voor Medicinale Cannabis, Analytical Monograph Cannabis Flos (flowers / granulated) OMC / Farmalyse BV Version 7.1 / November 28, 2014.
https://www.cannabisbureau.nl/ documenten/richtlijnen/2017/12/01/ monograph-cannabis-flos
4. Gesa J. Schad and Yusuke Osaka; LCGC Europe, May 2019, vol 32, s5; p 20-21
5. Shimadzu Applications News; HPLC-016, Potency Testing in Cannabis Extracts Using a High Sensitivity Method with the Cannabis Analyzer for Potency.
https://www.shimadzu.
eu.com/sites/
shimadzu.seg/files/hplc-016.pdf
6. Lewis Botcherby; The Column, Vol 13, 8, pg 2-5
7. Toshinobu Yanagisawa, Shimadzu Technical Report; C190-E167
https://www.shimadzu.com/an/literature/ hplc/
jpl213020.html
8. Yu, L.X. (2006) Implementation of Quality-by-Design: Question-based Review Presented at the 42nd Annual Meeting of Drug Information Association. Retrieved from
http://www.fda.gov/downloads/ AboutFDA/CentersOffices/ CDER/ ucm120205.pdf
Figure 9: Selected section of the generated report
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