Laboratory Products 21


Revitalise your R & D Process with the Avestin Emulsiflex C3


The Emulsiflex C3 from Biopharma Process Systems is a laboratory-scale electrically- powered high-pressure homogeniser that produces reliable results at pressures up to 45,000psi. Featuring a


unique ‘dynamic homogenising valve’ the C3 offers quick, high quality


and repeatable results for both batch


and continuous production. Built with the user and performance in mind the Emulsiflex C3 offers a succinct design suitable for CIP and SIP. Throughput is up to 3L/hr with holdback volumes <1mL.


The C3 is ideal for particle size reduction, cell rupture, production of nano particles and emulsions. It can be found in renowned research institutes, firms and laboratories worldwide.


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Report on the use of AFM and Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy at the University of Freiburg


The research team of Junior Professor Dr Winfried Römer is located at the Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) at the University of Freiburg. Under the title of Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, the Römer team studies the interactions of human pathogens and pathogenic products with various human cells by using a highly interdisciplinary research approach at the interface of biology, medicine, physics and chemistry.


In particular, the lab studies the cellular uptake of the human, opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa in non-phagocytic cells. One major goal is to elucidate the early steps of the bacterial internalisation process using a combination of two complementary microscopy techniques: AFM and fluorescence microscopy.


Postdoctoral worker Dr Josef Madl, who is implementing the combined measurements, said: “For studying bacterial invasion we infect human lung cells with a GFP-tagged P. aeruginosa strain. The bacteria attach to the cell surface and, after some time, start to invade into the cells. We employ conventional AFM imaging to visualise bacteria on the cell surface with high 3D resolution. In addition, the Quantitative Imaging (QI™) mode can be utilised for obtaining both the topography and an elasticity map of the cell surface. Thereby we can determine if and how the bacterium affects the local mechanical properties of the plasma membrane during invasion. We can optimise our experiments further by using AFM in combination with fluorescence microscopy. This allows us to quickly identify regions-of-interest for AFM imaging by visualising the bacteria on the cells via GFP fluorescence. The combined operation with fluorescence also enables us to highlight important structural components of the cells, for example the underlying cytoskeleton or the plasma membrane wrapping around an invading bacterium. Finally, we want to perform AFM in combination with the optical super-resolution method STORM. Thereby we can accurately measure the localisation of various key players in the invasion process, such as actin or bacterial lectins, and correlate this information with the 3D topography and local mechanical properties even more precisely than with conventional diffraction-limited microscopy.”


Describing the benefits of JPK’s AFM compared to other SPM systems, Dr Madl found the NanoWizard® 3 very user-friendly. “The design of


the instrument is practical. It has a high mechanical stability and is well-suited for life sciences research. A key feature for us is that it can be easily combined with an inverted optical microscope. For our purposes, the DirectOverlay™ algorithm and its integration in the software are very useful and important. Furthermore, JPK’s QI™ mode is very powerful.”


31289pr@reply-direct.com ADVERTORIAL ATR Probe for Lab and Process Applications


Attenuated Total Reflectance enables direct measurement to be made in very strongly absorbing samples. The Katana Range of ATR probes from Hellma Analytics are available in 6mm and 12mm diameter versions both using a Sapphire crystal. Their three-bounce optics gives an effective path-length of around 1µm, generating an effective dilution of 10,000 times versus a standard 10mm path-length cuvette.


These probes can be configured for lab and process applications at www.mypatprobe.com and can be manufactured in a range of materials depending on their usage. They can be supplied with fixed fibre-optic cables or SMA connectors as required. Versions are also available for use in the UV (240 to 1100nm) or NIR (400 to 2300nm) wavelength ranges.


ATR measurements are made by the loses in the evanescent wave that passes through the crystal, making the probe a sealed unit, and so requiring minimal maintenance compared to other types of optical immersion probe.


Short Shorter Shortest


Reported absorbance results should always be referenced to a 1cm optical path-length, however using shorter path-lengths enables higher concentrations to be measured while using lower volumes


of sample. Hellma UK Ltd offers a comprehensive range of cuvettes with path-lengths down to 0.01mm, giving effective dilutions of 1000 times.


Most of their standard ranges include glass and quartz cuvettes offering path-lengths of 5, 2 and 1mm. At the shorter path-lengths however more care is required in sample handling, so their 105.210 and 105.211 versions use injection ports, suitable for pipette tips, to make handling these small sample volumes, which can be as low as 2.5µl, much easier.


The shortest path-lengths are available in their 170 series flow-through cuvettes as well as in their range of demountable cells. These are a two-part construction with one detachable window, making them easy to use and clean, while offering path- lengths from 0.5 down to 0.01mm.


31457pr@reply-direct.com Reliable measurements in optical analysis.


Visit us at Photonex 2014 at the Ricoh Arena from 15 to 16th October on stand B02


MORE INFORMATION


For more optical immersion probe information visit www.mylabprobe.com


For other product information visit www.hellma.co.uk


Email sales.uk@hellma.com Or call 01702 335266


3257ad@reply-direct.com Our product range:


// Cuvettes and Cells for all analytical instruments


// Micro Volume Analysis for DNA/RNA and Protein Analysis


// Certifi ed reference materials for spectrophotometer validation


// Immersion probes for lab and process applications


www.hellma-analytics.com 3in1 all-quartz cuvette


Reliable screw-seal connectors Both transmission and fl uorescence Two path lengths built-in Autoclavable Everything you need in one cell!


High Precision in Spectro-Optics


Laboratory Optical Immersion probes


for use in tubes


microreaction vessels in glove boxes


or wherever your sample happens to be!


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