Measurement and Testing


with ASMAN Technology and GRTgas over the Jonzac-Neules aerodrome. In addition to the individual reports, the system can provide a georeferenced map of the data acquired in mapping mode, see Figure 3.


The gas leak rate or fl ux can be calculated ([9], [10]) using both the gas mass per area and the mean gas fl ow velocity. The gas fl ow velocity is taken to be the local wind velocity as measured by a weather station deployed at the gas release site. To illustrate the procedure, data from test case presented above (Figure 2 and Figure 3) are used. From the specifi cs of the Hyper-Cam (iFOV and AGL) and the path length concentration results (Figure 4), the total methane mass contained within a specifi ed area of the image (red rectangle in Figure 4) is calculated. Multiplying the total methane mass within the chosen area of interest by the wind velocity (2.4 m/s for this dataset) leads to retrieved fl ux value of 12.7 m3 gas fl ux of 13 m3


/h. This is in good agreement with the released /h.


Figure 5 presents the retrieved leak rate values for positive detections during the 4 controlled methane release campaigns. In the summary graph, there are 78 datapoints from a commanded release rate of 3 m3


/h to 54.8 m3 /h. Results show


a strong correlation between the calculated leak values and the commanded leak rate values.


Plume quantifi cation accuracy depends on the wind measurement accuracy, the fi t of the results show a parity slope of 0.99 with an R2 of 0.89. The obtained results seem to indicate that the detection limit of the system would be around 3 m3


/h (1968 g/h or 2543 ft3 /day) of methane. However, this limit


depends on the atmospheric conditions which prevailed during the tests and the parameters of the system. For this system, based on infrared hyperspectral technology, the detection limit depends on several parameters such as thermal contrast, cloud cover, gas concentration, AGL, wind conditions and humidity level.


CONCLUSION


Results from multiple recent methane-controlled release experiments show very good agreement between commanded leak rate and measured leak rate using wind data from weather stations deployed near the release site.


Based on the results collected during these tests, the Hyper- Cam Airborne Mini is a highly effi cient and sensitive tool for the detection and quantifi cation of methane leaks. The real-time reporting capability is an important advantage allowing rapid decisions for critical situations.


REFERENCES


[1] EPA Proposes New Source Performance Standards Updates, Emissions Guidelines to Reduce Methane and Other Harmful Pollution from the Oil and Natural Gas Industry


https://www.epa.gov/controlling-air-pollution-oil-and-natural-gas- industry/epa-proposes-new-source-performance.


[2] Canada confi rms its support for the Global Methane Pledge and announces ambitious domestic actions to slash methane emissions


https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/ news/2021/10/canada-confi rms-its-support-for-the-global- methane-pledge-and-announces-ambitious-domestic-actions-to- slash-methane-emissions.html.


[3] EPA website (https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/overview- greenhouse-gases).


Figure 5: Parity chart of commanded methane leak rates and the corresponding reported calculated leak rate in m3 /h. The y = x parity line indicates perfect


quantifi cation. Results show a close linear fi t and good agreement between commanded and reported leak rates. The color of the data points indicates to which data collection campaign they belong.


29


Figure 4: Path length concentration results example. For corresponding detection image, refer to Figure 2. Red rectangle shows the selected area in which the total methane mass is calculated. The red arrow indicates the wind direction with respect to north.


[4] IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report - Errata (IPCC 2012) (https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/wg1/).


[5] Duren, R.M., Thorpe, A.K., Foster, K.T. et al. California’s methane super-emitters. Nature 575, 180–184 (2019).


[6] Frankenberg, C. et al. Airborne methane remote measurements reveal heavy-tail fl ux distribution in Four Corners region. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 9734–9739 (2016).


Examples of reference formats are given here. For additional information on formatting references, refer to the ACS Style Guide, edited by J.S. Dodd (American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 1986).


[7] Watremez, Xavier & Baron, Thierry & Marble, Andre & Veronique, Miegebielle & Marcarian, Xavier & Foucher, Pierre- Yves & Cézard, Nicolas & Raybaut, Myriam. (2020). Validation of Innovative Systems of Remote Gas Leaks Detection and Quantifi cation Reducing Emissions and Increasing Safety. 3825-


3828. 10.1109/IGARSS39084.2020.9323685.


[8] Gagnon, Jean-Philippe & Guyot, Éric & Matysiak, Éric. (2022). Airborne Quantifi cation of Methane Emissions for Alternative Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR). OPTRO Conference 2022.


[9] X. Watremez, N. Labat, G. Audouin, B. Lejay, X. Marcarian, D. Dubucq, A. Marblé, P-Y Foucher, L.Poutier, R. Danno, D. Elie, M. Chamberland, “Remote Detection and Flow rates Quantifi cation of Methane Releases Using Infrared Camera Technology and 3D Reconstruction Algorithm”, SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, november 2016. DOI: 10.2118/181501-MS.


[10] P-Y. Foucher, S. Doz, J.P Gagnon, M. Chamberlain, X. Watremez, “ Real time Airborne Gas quantifi cation using Thermal Hyperspectral Imaging : Application to methane. “, Remote Sens, 2019 Special Issue Imaging Spectroscopy Avancements in Understanding Earth System submitted.


Author Contact Details Jean-Philippe Gagnon, Field Applications Scientist, Telops • 100-2600, St-Jean-Baptiste Avenue, Québec (QC), Canada G2E 6J5 • Tel: +1-418-864-7808 poste 465 / Cell :+1-418-930-4884 • Email: jean-philippe.gagnon@telops.com • Web: Telops.com


Jean-Philippe Gagnon holds a master’s degree in physics and worked at Telops since 2005. Since then, Jean-Philippe has been involved in the development of their line of infrared cameras and hyperspectral infrared imagers. As a fi eld applications scientist, Jean-Philippe works with Defense and Security Labs, Industrial Labs and University Research Centers worldwide to perform measurement campaigns and support their data analysis efforts in a wide range of applications. More recently, he is part of the team using Telops’ new miniaturized hyperspectral imager to quantify emissions from the oil and gas and maritime industry and thus help better understand their emissions and how to reduce them.


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