Tanaka’s achievements acknowledged by Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry


A safe reliable solution to aniline point testing with additional capability to measure according to ISO 21493 Turbidity


Point Mode Aniline point is a test method used to ascertain the aromatic content of hydrocarbon samples. Highly aromatic samples display a low aniline point, whereas paraffinic samples have far higher aniline points.


Tanaka Scientific Limited has been awarded the ‘2020 Global Niche Top 100’ by Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. The ministry gave out this award for the first time in 2014, and this is the second time. In this program, the ministry selects 100 Japanese companies who are successfully winning significant market share in global niche markets through appropriate marketing, unique product/service development, and strict quality control.


Tanaka was awarded for the MPC series pour/cloud point testers. The MPC series instruments test cloud point by ‘small test jar method’ (ASTM D7683) and pour point by ‘automatic air pressure method’ (ASTM D6749). These methods, compared to conventional manual methods, significantly reduce sample volume and testing time while achieving greatly improved precision. The ministry also recognized Tanaka’s efforts to have these methods approved by the ASTM which helped spreading this product worldwide and achieving significant market share.


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Tanaka Scientific’s aap-6 is an automatic aniline point tester which can handle a host of different samples in accordance with ASTM D611 and ISO 2977. The aap-6 will run the 3 to 5 replicates, whilst monitoring to ensure the repeatability of the results. This analyser features an accurate and resilient infrared detector to enable accuracy with darker coloured samples. ASTM 8.0 colour samples can be reliably analysed by the aap-6 and it has regularly managed to test even darker samples. Cleaning the measuring cell can be carried out without the need for any dismantling, so aap-6 operators will find that cleaning the instrument is far


simpler and safer than they will have experienced using other aniline point testers.


ISO recently created test method ISO 21493 because of the safety issues associated with aniline point testing in which aniline is substituted by p-anisaldehyde, which is a far safer reagent. This test method is called the ‘turbidity point’ and Tanaka played an active role in this method’s development. Tanaka’s aap-6 includes an ISO 21493 mode, where the instrument will replicate tests in line with the repeatability stipulated by the ISO’s method.


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TALKING POINT Will new lubricants be needed for sustainable marine fuels?


In 2022, we’re undeniably entering a new era in the maritime industry. With new types of engines being installed, the list continues to lengthen of transitional and sustainable fuels that the industry will use to decarbonise - but these changes necessarily pose challenges for marine lubricants.


With current agreements in place, emissions from the shipping


industry – which, all in all, account for 3% of global CO2 emissions – must be slashed by more than 40% for 2030 and by 70% for 2050. A variety of replacement fuels are being explored – in recent months, for instance, hydrogen has received a lot of interest, with partnerships and commitments being signed at COP 27. But for the short- to medium-term, all eyes are on interim or transitional fuels, like liquid natural gas. There’s a problem with these, however.


In 2020, the International Maritime Organisation introduced a 0.5% sulphur-content cap for marine fuels, intending to generalise the use of fuels with low sulphur content. These new regulations, however, had the added effect of prompting a change in base-number grades for marine lubricants, with many firms switching from BN70 or BN100 cylinder oils, to BN40s. Newer BN40 products aim for compliance with MAN Energy Solutions’ new Category II performance standards for lube oils.


The new category came about because some lubricants aimed for low sulfur applications were not adequately able to prevent and manage deposit formation.


Importantly, liquid natural gas has an exceedingly low sulphur content and conventional cylinder oils designed for such sulphur concentrations can’t handle with the temperatures, leaving damaging deposits which result in increased wear. But the innovations in BN40 lubricants, prompted by regulatory changes, has (perhaps, deliberately) provided this transitional fuel with the beginnings of a solution to these problems.


With biofuels, the problems are almost identical – or, at least, that’s what researchers predict. Taking the car industry as a case study, a switch from all diesel fuel to all biofuel has led to increased deposits and wear. There have been no large-scale, long-term studies of biofuel in the marine sector, all of the available research has been short-term and current usage in the industry is fairly meagre. It’s currently unclear just what the role of biofuels will be in the maritime sector’s future, although some predict that it’ll be taken up as a pilot fuel. In any case, new lubricants will need to be developed to deal with deposits.


And then there’s ammonia. For many years, advances have been accruing, as engines that utilise ammonia are gradually


developed – indeed, the world’s first ammonia-powered turbomachinery is scheduled for released in the next few years. But ammonia’s quite a unique source of energy with its own unique characteristics and as it stands, there have been very few chances to see how it really behaves in the environments in which it will eventually be deployed. There are concerns over corrosion and neutralisation, both of which lubricants will be drafted in to solve.


In all cases, then, the future is uncertain for marine lubricants, and uncertain for the sector as a whole. What is certain, however, is that innovation, and lots of it, will be needed.


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