Analytical Instrumentation


Analysis of TLC Fractions of Crude Oil on the Molecular Level by Laser Desorption/ Ionisation FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry


Crude oil is one of the most complex mixtures known; containing tens of thousands of different compounds, and its analysis on the molecular level by mass spectrometry is very challenging. Ultrahigh resolving power is needed for mass separation and extremely high mass accuracy is necessary for unambiguous molecular formula calculation. The reduction of the chemical diversity by chromatographic methods is one approach to gain more information on these complex samples. Besides the typically used methods, gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC), thin layer chromatography (TLC) can be used to separate heavy crude oil into fractions which can then be analysed by mass spectrometry using various ionisation methods.


Bruker has reported the analysis of a standard crude oil from the North Sea that was fractionated by TLC and characterised by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT- ICR MS) using Laser Desorption/Ionisation (LDI). The fractions were analysed in detail concerning trends in average carbon, double bond equivalents (DBE), change of detected compound classes and ratio of detected radial cations and protonated species. This note shows how rapid analysis can be achieved with low effort and minimal sample prep for profiling fouling and corrosive agents in crudes to compliment GC analysis of the volatile space.


For More Info, email: email:


For More Info, email: email:


31299pr@reply-direct.com


Correlation Studies Between Physical and Chemical Properties of Crude Oil and FT- ICR Mass Spectra


Mass spectrometric analysis of crude oil by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry is a well-established method to study these complex mixtures on the molecular level. Single compounds can be detected in crude oils without any purification or separation step due to the ultra-high resolution and extremely high mass accuracy of this technique. Compound classes can be analysed based on the molecular formula - the calculated number of hetero atoms and the double bond equivalents. Correlation studies of crude oils using APPI and statistical approaches have shown good correlation between amount of sulphur in the samples and the detected compound classes containing sulphur like S1, S2 and SO2.


However, the compounds detected by mass spectrometry are heavily dependent on the ionisation method used, such as APPI, as well as other factors like solvents used for atmospheric pressure ionisation, addition of metals or use of acids or bases to improve ionisation of specific compounds. In a recent study, Bruker analysed the correlation of APPI as well as LDI FT-ICR mass spectra with the chemical and physical properties of crude oils. Using LDI dramatically reduces all the dependence on ionisation conditions and solvents. The results demonstrated the relative abundances of the sulphur compound classes detected by APPI and LDI both increased with amount of sulphur in the sample.


For More Info, email: email:


For More Info, email: email:


31301pr@reply-direct.com


35


Extreme Resolution


... with solariX XR


An advanced FTMS system with high resolution capability


n ParaCell core technology for legendary performance ( > 10 million resolving power) n Reveals the fine structure in isotopic patterns for exact molecular formulae


n Broadband Absorption Mode Processing (AMP) for resolving powers greater than 250,000 at m/z 400 in one second at 7T


n Fully automated operation for integration into LC-MS methods n Combine ETD and ECD results for the ultimate top-down validation strategy


Contact us for more details at ms-sales@bdal.com or www.bruker.com/solarix


Innovation with Integrity


For More Info, email: email:


solariX-XR_Ad_A4.indd 1 2078ad@reply-direct.com


For More Info, email: email:


AUGUST / SEPTEMBER • WWW.PETRO-ONLINE.COM


Qq-FTMS


11/20/13 7:12 PM


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52