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On-line, Real-time Process Elemental Analysis by EDXRF


Powerful New Benchtop X-ray Diffractometer


The 5th generation MiniFlex, from Rigaku is a general purpose X-ray diffractometer that can perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of polycrystalline materials. The MiniFlex is available in two variations. Operating at 600 watts (X-ray tube), the MiniFlex 600 is twice as powerful as other benchtop models, enabling faster analysis and improved overall throughput. Running at 300 watts (X-ray tube), the new MiniFlex 300 does not require an external heat exchanger. Each model is engineered to maximise flexibility in a benchtop package.


Ideally-suited for today’s fast-paced XRD analyses, the new 5th generation MiniFlex delivers speed and sensitivity through innovative technology enhancements such as the optional D/teX high speed detector coupled with the new 600W X-ray source. The optional graphite monochromator, coupled with the standard scintillation counter, maximises sensitivity by optimising peak-to-background ratios. If resolution is paramount, incident and diffracted beam slits can be selected to provide the desired resolution. For high sample throughput, MiniFlex is the only benchtop XRD system with an available sample changer. Whether teaching X-ray diffraction at the college and university level, or routine industrial quality assurance, the MiniFlex delivers both performance and value.


Featuring advanced 3rd generation energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technology, the NEX OL represents the next evolution of process elemental analysis for liquid stream and fixed position web or coil applications. Designed to span from heavy industrial through to food grade process gauging solutions, the NEX OL is configurable for use in both classified and non- classified areas.


To deliver superior analytical performance and reliability, the EDXRF measuring head assembly was derived from the established Rigaku NEX QC+ high resolution benchtop instrument. With this proven technology, the Rigaku NEX OL delivers rapid, non-destructive, multi-element analyses – from parts-per-million (ppm) levels to high weight percent (wt%) concentrations – for elements from aluminum (13Al) through uranium (92U). Equipped with a 50 kV X-ray tube and SDD detector – together with a standardised, optimised suite of tube filters – the Rigaku NEX OL is engineered to solve a broad range of process control applications.


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New Benchtop EDXRF Elemental Analyser


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28631pr@reply-direct.com Lube Oil Analysis with New Benchtop WDXRF Spectrometer


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Lubricating oils are given specific functional properties by mixing additives with base oil. In order to ensure consistent and desirable performance, the concentrations of the additives during the lubricant manufacturing process must be precisely controlled. Sulphur compounds in petroleum can produce harmful effects such as air pollution, metal corrosion and catalyst degradation. Sulphur concentration of crude oil and high-sulphur fuels is monitored or controlled in refinery and production processes in the petroleum industry.


X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has become increasingly popular for quantitative elemental analysis of base oils as well as additives and lubricant products thanks to its high precision and simple sample preparation.


Unlike many traditional techniques, XRF does not require chemical decomposition, digestion or serial dilution.


ASTM D6443-04 specifies the use of the wavelength-dispersive (WD) XRF technique, because it offers sufficiently high precision, resolution and light-element sensitivity to meet the industry’s needs. Traditionally, WDXRF spectrometers have been large, floor-standing models with substantial installation requirements and high cost of component replacement. In its search for greater cost-efficiency however, the lubricant industry is turning to tools that not only do the job, but are also easier and less expensive to acquire, install and maintain


Lubricating oils and additives can now be routinely analysed with excellent accuracy, sensitivity and repeatability using the Rigaku Supermini200 benchtop WDXRF spectrometer with minimal site requirements.


The Supermini200 is the world’s only benchtop WDXRF spectrometer and the latest in a series of revolutionary compact WDXRF systems from Rigaku. It is a benchtop sequential WDXRF spectrometer designed specifically to deliver excellent performance while eliminating typical installation requirements such as cooling water, special power supply, large floor space, etc.


Satisfying both analytical and efficiency requirements, the Rigaku Supermini200 sequential WDXRF system meets the specifications of ASTM D6443- 04, as well as those of ASTM D4927-05, which applies to higher concentrations of additive elements.


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Ensuring adequate supplies of 1.00% sulphur (16S) bunker fuel oil to satisfy European demand in emission controlled areas (ECAs) as well as complying with recent North American ECA guidelines affecting the availability of Low Sulphur Fuel Oil (LSFO), continues to be a challenge.


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The effect of the requirements of blending operations to produce 1.00% S fuels on fuel quality is also a concern.


For more demanding applications, or for situations where analysis time or sample throughput is critical, Rigaku offers the new NEX QC+ spectrometer. Employing the next generation silicon detector technology, the enhanced NEX QC+ affords significant improvement in elemental peak resolution and counting statistics, resulting in superior calibrations and measurement precision for the most challenging measurements.


Specifically designed for routine quality control applications, the new Rigaku NEX QC+ features an intuitive “icon-driven” touch screen interface for easy operation and a built-in printer for convenience. The shuttered 50kV X-ray tube and Peltier cooled semiconductor detector deliver exceptional short-term repeatability and long- term reproducibility with excellent element peak resolution. This high voltage capability (50 kV), along with multiple automated X-ray tube filters, provides a wide range of applications versatility and low limits-of-detection (LOD).


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To address the tougher quality control (QC) requirements and more rigorous blending operation conditions for LSFO, Rigaku, a global leader in X-ray analytical instrumentation, has engineered a 3rd generation X-ray Transmission (XRT) sulphur process gauge.


With uniquely engineered hardware and novel proprietary software technologies, the Rigaku NEX XT system is faster, more sensitive and far more compact than previous generation systems and provides continuous, reliable detection of sulphur at pressures up to 1480 psig and 200ºC. Sulphur may be quantified from 200 parts-per-million (ppm) to 6.5 wt. %, with analysis times as short as 1 second. The Rigaku NEX XT can operate as a stand-alone analyser or provide real time closed loop control when tied into a blending or plant wide automation system.


Among its other key features are a simplified user interface, reduced standards requirement, automatic density compensation, automatic water compensation, password protection, and standard platform for communicating sulphur, density, and water content to a Distributed Control System (DCS).


Employing the X-ray Transmission (XRT) measurement technique, the Rigaku NEX XT continuously measures a process hydrocarbon stream that passes through an internal flow cell (see Schematic 1). Unlike older generation XRT sulphur analysers, the Rigaku system contains no dangerous radioisotope sources and requires no routine maintenance.


Globally, the petroleum industry continues to employ tens of thousands of radioisotopes in activities that range from exploration and production to distribution. Whether protecting the customer base or corporate shareholders, technology – like the Rigaku NEX XT – now exists to eliminate the risk associated with owing previous generation isotope-based technologies while providing vastly superior analytical results.


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Real Time Sulphur Measurement for Blending and Quality Control of LSFO


AUGUST / SEPTEMBER • WWW.PETRO-ONLINE.COM


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