Carmichael’s Concise Review Coming Events
2019 NextTEM: Next-Generation Transmission Electron Microscopy Workshop August 4, 2019
Portland, OR
www.microscopy.org/MandM/2019/program/ NexTEM_2019_Announcement.pdf
Microscopy & Microanalysis 2019 August 4–8, 2019
Portland, OR
www.microscopy.org
Denver X-Ray Conference August 5–9, 2019
Lombard, IL
www.dxcicdd.com
MC2019 Microscopy Conference September 1–5, 2019
Berlin, Germany
www.microscopy-conference.de
National Society for Histology, 45th Annual Symposium September 20–25, 2019
New Orleans, LA
www.histoconvention.org/futuredates.cfm
Interdisciplinary Symposium on 3D Microscopy October 1–4, 2019
Engelberg, Switzerland
www.3dssom2019.ch
Neuroscience 2019 October 19–23, 2019 Chicago, IL
Sponsor: Society for Neuroscience
www.sfn.org
2020 Microscopy & Microanalysis 2020 August 2–6, 2020
Milwaukee, WI
www.microscopy.org
2021 Microscopy & Microanalysis 2021 August 1–5, 2021
Pittsburgh, PA
www.microscopy.org
2022 Microscopy & Microanalysis 2022 July 31–August 4, 2022
Portland, OR
www.microscopy.org
2023 Microscopy & Microanalysis 2023
July 24–28, 2023 Minneapolis, MN
www.microscopy.org
2024
Microscopy & Microanalysis 2024 July 28–August 1, 2024
Cleveland, OH
www.microscopy.org
More Meetings and Courses Check the complete calendar near the back of this magazine.
8 Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death in industrial-
ized countries. To date, heart transplantation is the only treatment available for patients with end-stage cardiac failure. Many of these patients die while waiting for a suitable donor heart; therefore, there is a need to develop new approaches to regenerate cardiac muscle that has infarcted. Since, in theory, only the infarcted portion needs to be replaced, a functional “patch” may be all that is needed to restore cardiac function to a survivable level. Tissue engineer- ing of cardiac tissue provides such an approach by integrating cardiac cells and 3D biomaterials. Te latter serve as temporary scaffolds, mechanically support- ing the cells and promoting their reorganization into a functional tissue. Tis could be fashioned in vitro until the patch is mature enough to be transplanted onto the infarction site. Aſter inte- gration into the host com- mences, the biomaterials gradually degrade leaving a functional living patch that restores
cardiac function.
Recently Nadav Noor, Assaf Shapira, Reuven Edri, Idan Gal, Lior Wertheim, and Tal Dvir developed a thick and perfusable cardiac patch, using 3D printing, that shows much promise for treating end-stage cardiac failure [1]. Te biocompatibility of
the scaffolding materials is a crucial factor for eliminating the risk of implant rejection, which in turn jeopardizes the success of the treatment. Terefore, Noor et al. devel- oped a method to use autolo- gous tissue for the scaffold. Tey took adipose tissue from the omentum of either patients or pigs. Ten the cel- lular and acellular materials were separated. While the cells were reprogrammed to become pluripotent stem cells and differentiated into cardiac
doi:10.1017/S1551929519000646
Printing Patches for Diseased Hearts Stephen W. Carmichael Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
carmichael.stephen@
mayo.edu
Figure 1: (a) Fluorescence microscopy image of a 3D-printed blood vessel cross section showing the interactions of green fluo- rescent protein (expressing endothelial cells) and red fluorescent protein (expressing fibroblasts). Bar=100 μm. (b) Confocal image of a 3D-printed heart (cardiac myocytes in pink, endothelial cells in orange). Width of heart=6mm.
2019 July
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