Correlative Spectromicroscopy and Tomography
Figure 6: STXM spectromicroscopy identification of local Fe oxidation state variations in nanoscale particulate iron in a cortical section containing Aβ plaques from a trans- genic mouse sample. (a) X-ray microscopy protein map obtained by subtracting the resin background image (see supplemental to [11] for how the resin background was obtained) from an image obtained at the main protein absorption peak at 288.1 eV, showing the area surrounding an iron oxide deposit. Higher-magnification optical density image (b) of the boxed region in (a) showing the micrometer-sized iron deposit (dotted red box). Iron maps recorded using (c) the prominent Fe L3 prominent Fe L2 peak (710 eV). (e) Iron oxidation distribution map [OD710
peak (708 eV) and (d) the –OD708 ], obtained by subtracting image (c) from image (d) showing localized regions of concentrated Fe(III) (bright contrast) and Fe(II) (dark contrast). (f) Corresponding Fe L2,3 X-ray absorption spectra obtained from the regions labeled B1–B4 in (c), (d), and (e). The solid lines
for the spectra B1–B4 correspond to best fits to Fe(II) and Fe(III) X-ray absorption spectra. (g, h) TEM images of an unstained section of cortical tissue from the transgenic mouse tissue sample. The boxed area in (g) is shown at higher magnification in (h). (i) The corresponding iron oxidation distribution map [OD710
–OD708 ] derived from STXM.
Bright areas correspond to Fe(III) rich regions, and dark areas correspond to Fe(II) regions. The labels 1–3 indicate corresponding regions in the TEM image (h) and iron oxidation map (i). Most of the contrast in the TEM image (h) arises from density contrast by non-Fe components. (Adapted from [11].) All data from STXM except (g,h) TEM.
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[2] DM Binkley and K Grandfield, ACS Biomater Sci Eng (2017) doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00420.
[3] X Wang et al., Adv Mater Interfaces 1800262 (2018) 1–9. [4] K Grandfield, Phys Today 68 (2015) 40–45. [5] FA Shah et al., ACS Biomater Sci Eng 1 (2015) 305–13. [6] R Brånemark et al., J Rehabil Res Dev 38 (2001) 175–81. [7] G Plascencia-Villa et al., Sci Rep 6 (2016) 1–12. [8] K Honda et al., Redox-Active Metals in Neurological Dis- orders 1012 (2004) 179–82.
[9] JF Collingwood et al., J Alzheimers Dis 14 (2008) 235–45.
[10] J Everett et al., Nanoscale 10 (2018) 11782–96. [11] ND Telling et al., Cell Chem Biol 24 (2017) 1205–1215.e3. [12] K Grandfield et al., Nanoscale 5 (2013) 4302–08. [13] X Wang et al., ACS Biomater Sci Eng 3 (2017) 49–55. [14] BA Gault, Appl Microsc 46 (2016) 117–26. [15] B Langelier et al., Sci Rep 7 (2017) 39958. [16] DE Perea et al., Sci Rep 6 (2016) 22321. [17] A Devaraj et al. Int Mater Rev 63(2) (2017) 68–101. [18] AP Hitchcock, J Electron Spectrosc 200 (2015) 49–63. [19] RD Pattrick et al., Eur J Mineral 14 (2002) 1095–1102. [20] RP Van Hove et al., Biomed Res Int 2015 (2015) 485975. [21] YH Pan, Ultramicroscopy 110 (2010) 1020–32.
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