THE CONSILIENT HEALTH RANGE FOR ORAL CONTRACEPTION
LUCETTE® (ethinylestradiol / drospirenone)
CERELLE® (desogestrel)
RIGEVIDON® (ethinylestradiol / levonorgestrel)
CILIQUE® (ethinylestradiol / norgestimate)
GEDAREL®
20/150 (ethinylestradiol / desogestrel)
GEDAREL®
30/150 (ethinylestradiol / desogestrel)
MILLINETTE®
20/75 (ethinylestradiol / gestodene)
MILLINETTE®
30/75 (ethinylestradiol / gestodene)
TRIREGOL® (ethinylestradiol / levonorgestrel)
Information about these products, including adverse reactions, precautions, contra-indications and method of use can be found at:
http://www.medicines.
org.uk/emc/. Prescribers are recommended to consult the relevant summary of product
characteristics before prescribing. Legal classifi cation POM. Marketing Authorisation Holder: Cerelle, Gedarel 20/150, Gedarel 30/150, Lucette, Millinette 20/75, Millinette 30/75: Gedeon Richter Plc. 1103 Budapest, Gyömrői út, 19-21, Hungary. Rigevidon: Gedeon
Richter France, 1-3 rue Caumartin, 75009 Paris, France TriRegol: Medimpex France SA, 1-3 rue Caumartin, 75009 Paris, France. Cilique: Consilient Health Limited, 5th Floor, Beaux Lane House, Mercer Street Lower, Dublin 2, Ireland.
GEDEON RICHTER
Adverse events should be reported. Reporting forms and information can be found at
www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard. Adverse events should also be reported to Consilient Health (UK) Ltd, Ground Floor, No. 1 Church Road, Richmond upon Thames, Surrey TW9 2QE UK or
drugsafety@consilienthealth.com.
UK/OCS/0217/0088a Date of Preparation May2017 HUG2658 Consilient OC range ad v1 - scot pharma
204x204.indd 1
will now secrete large amounts of progesterone and smaller amounts of oestrogen. Progesterone will cause the endometrium to further develop, increasing its supply of blood and the amount of glycogen and lipids in its cells. It does this to prepare for implantation if the egg has been fertilised. If no fertilisation has occurred, oestrogen and progesterone inhibit the secretion of FSH and LH resulting in the degeneration of the corpus luteum. The fall in the oestrogen and progesterone levels cause the endometrium to break down causing menstruation for the next four to seven days of the cycle. Once oestrogen and progesterone levels have dropped far enough, it
stimulates the secretion of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland, and the cycle starts over again.
(Image reference6 : http://www.
msdmanuals.com/en-gb/home/ women-s-health-issues/biology-of- the-female-reproductive-system/ menstrual-cycle#v801614)
THE ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILL The pill is one of the most effective method of contraception; being over 99 per cent effective in consistent users. There are two types of hormonal birth control pills: the combined oral contraceptive pill (COC) which contains both oestrogen and progesterone and the progesterone- only pill (POP) also known as the
mini pill. Both pills work mainly by preventing ovulation. The synthetic hormones in the pill stabilise the natural hormone levels, and prevent oestrogen peaking mid-cycle, thus delaying ovulation. In the COC, the oestrogen content can vary from 20 micrograms to 40 micrograms per tablet, and the synthetic progesterone could be either a second-generation progestogen (eg, levonorgestrel or norethisterone), or third-generation progestogen (eg, gestodene, desogestrel or drospirenone)7
. The
synthetic oestrogen (ethinylestradiol) in the pill works by stopping the pituitary gland from releasing FSH and LH which, in turn, prevents ovulation and also supports the endometrium
to prevent breakthrough bleeding mid-cycle. Meanwhile, progesterone reduces fallopian tube function, thickens the cervical mucous to prevent sperm cells fertilising the egg and thins the endometrium, making implantation difficult for a fertilised egg. Newer progestins like desogestrel stop the pituitary gland from releasing LH in order to prevent ovulation (eg, Cerazette® and Cerelle®)7
.
Progesterone is immediately effective if taken on days one to five of cycle7
. When taken together in the COC, the woman benefits from the mechanisms of both of the synthetic hormones. Women who are sensitive to oestrogen will only benefit from the mechanism of the POP although
SCOTTISH PHARMACIST - 25 18/05/2017 13:00
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