28.
Some of these Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) have now been superseded by standards established by the Priority Substances Directive 2008/105/EC for priority substances and priority hazardous substances identified in Annex X of the Water Framework Directive. Where this is not the case, limit values and environmental quality standards set by the ‘daughter’ Directive listed in Annex IX of the WFD remain in force. The Priority Substance Directive is implemented in England and Wales by the River Basin District Typology, Standards and Groundwater Threshold Values (Water Framework Directive) (England and Wales) Directions 2010. Compliance with these standards forms the basis of good surface water chemical status under the WFD.
8.4.1.3 Marine Strategy Framework Directive 29.
The objective of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2005/56/EC) (MSFD) is to achieve “good environmental status’’ in Europe’s seas by 2020, to enable the sustainable use of the marine environment and to safeguard its use for future generations.
30.
The MSFD establishes a comprehensive structure within which EU Member States are required to develop and implement the cost effective measures necessary to achieve or maintain “good environmental status’’ in the marine environment.
31.
The Directive establishes European Marine Regions and requires Member States to apply an ecosystem based approach to the management of human activities. The timetable for implementation of the strategy is from July 2010 through to December 2016. In the UK, the Directive is implemented via the Marine Strategy Regulation, 2010.
32.
In coastal waters out to 1nm, both the WFD and theMSFD apply. However, in these areas, the MSFD only applies for aspects of good environmental status that are not already addressed by the WFD. These include issues such as the impacts of marine noise and litter, and certain aspects of biodiversity, but not water quality.
8.4.1.4 Bathing Waters Directive 33.
The Bathing Waters Directive (76/160/EEC) is implemented through the Bathing Waters Regulations 2008. The Environment Agency (EA) monitors and assesses bathing water quality at each designated bathing water site in England and Wales between May and September. A resulting annual water quality classification is then allocated for every season. This classification is calculated from 20 samples on the basis of concentration of bacteria in each of the following groups:
Total coliforms;
Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014
East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm
Chapter 8 Marine Water and Sediment Quality Page 12
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