21.


Under Article 12 of the Habitats Directive, Member States are required to take the requisite measures to establish a system of stricter protection for species in their natural range prohibiting:


  


All forms of deliberate capture or killing of specimens of these species in the wild;


Deliberate disturbance of these species, particularly during the period of breeding, rearing, hibernation and migration; and


Deterioration or destruction of breeding sites or resting places.


12.4.1.2 Habitats Regulations and Offshore Marine Regulations guidance 22.


 


23.


Under the Habitats Regulations 2010 (‘HR’ as amended) and Offshore Marine Regulations 2009 (‘OMR’ as amended), a person is guilty of an offence if a person:


Deliberately captures, injures or kills any wild animal of an EPS; and Deliberately disturbs wild animals of any such species.


The nature of ‘disturbance’ is further detailed, with an offence arising if the disturbance of any such species is likely:


  


 


24.


To impair their ability to survive, to breed or reproduce, or to rear or nurture their young; and


In the case of animals of a hibernating or migratory species, to hibernate or migrate;


To affect significantly the local distribution or abundance of the species to which they belong;


To deliberately take or destroy the eggs of such an animal; and


To damage or destroy, or do anything to cause the deterioration of, a breeding site or resting place of such an animal.


Following the amendments made to the HR and OMR in 2010, the UK legislation now more clearly transposes the requirement contained in the Habitats Directive to prohibit deliberate disturbance, and better reflect the circumstances in which disturbance may be particularly damaging to the animals concerned (as envisaged by Article 12). In addition, the HR and OMR provide for the offence of deliberate injuries.


Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014


East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm


Chapter 12 Marine Mammal Ecology Page 18


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