17.
The principal guidance documents used to inform the assessment of potential impacts on marine mammals are as follows:
Guidance on the Assessment of Effects on the Environment and Cultural Heritage from Marine Renewable Developments. Produced by: the Marine Management Organisation (MMO), the Joint Nature Conservation Committee(JNCC), Natural England, the Countryside Council for Wales (CCW) and the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) (MMO 2010);
The Protection of Marine EPS From Injury and Disturbance: Draft Guidance for the Marine Area in England and Wales and the UK Offshore Marine Area (JNCC et al. 2010a);
Guidelines for Ecological Impact Assessment in Britain and Ireland, Marine and Coastal (Institute for Ecology and Environmental Management (IEEM) 2010);
Approaches to Marine Mammal Monitoring at Marine Renewable Energy Developments Final Report (SMRU Ltd on behalf of The Crown Estate 2010);
Guidelines for Data Acquisition to Support Marine Environmental Assessments of Offshore Renewable Energy Projects (Cefas 2012); and
Statutory Nature Conservation Agency Protocol for Minimising the Risk of Injury to Marine Mammals from Piling Noise (JNCC et al. 2010b).
12.4.1.1 The Habitats Directive 18. A vital piece of wildlife legislation in relation to marine renewable energy and marine mammals is the European Union (EU) Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (‘the Habitats Directive’).
19.
All cetaceans are protected as EPS under Annex IV of the Habitats Directive because they are classified as being endangered, vulnerable or rare. Both grey seal and harbour seal are protected under Annex II of the Habitats Directive. Grey seal and harbour seal are also listed on Annex V of the Habitats Directive, which requires their exploitation or removal from the wild to be subject to management measures. Both these measures are provided for within national legislation, as for cetaceans.
20. Harbour porpoise and bottlenose dolphin are also listed under Annex II of the Habitats Directive, which requires Member States of the EU to designate areas essential to their life and reproduction as Special Areas of Conservation (SAC).
Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014
East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm
Chapter 12 Marine Mammal Ecology Page 17
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