PRODUCTION • PROCESSING • HANDLING
Efficient engines embraced by market
Brian Breaux explores how an engine expert is encouraging the oil & gas industry to adopt the latest in green engine technology
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n January 2015 US EPA Tier 4 Final regulations, the most stringent to date driving reduction of particulate matter (PM) by 80% and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) by 45% over previous Tier 2 regulations, took effect for all
new non-road engines greater than 751hp. Many manufacturers have been able to use the Transitional Program for Equipment Manufacturers (TPEM) to delay the introduction of Tier 4 Final compliant powered equipment, however that option expires in 2017. Beginning January 1, 2018, all new non-road engines greater than 751hp that are purchased must meet the Tier 4 Final regulations. To meet these requirements Cummins has chosen to use selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology. Te company has based its Tier 4 Final emissions technology decision for these products on years of experience with SCR and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology. Although diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) is required by the SCR solution simplicity, power, performance, TCO, durability and reliability are all maintained or improved. Cummins has a large amount of Tier 4 Final engines in the field for the oil & gas industry. With the first US EPA Tier 4 Final complete fracturing spread operational since 2015, the firm is demonstrating that SCR is the right technology for the well servicing fracturing market and it hopes to have the same success in the drilling sector. Its Tier 4 Final high-horsepower engines using SCR offer reduced peak cylinder pressure, lower fuel injection pressure and equivalent heat rejection when compared to Tier 2 engines, as well as other emissions technologies such as EGR and variable valve timing (VVT). Fuel injection pressure is also less as compared to other technology. Heat rejection for the engines will be the same as Tier 2, whereas the heat rejection for EGR technology can be 30 to 60% greater than Tier 2 designs. Transient response will be the same as Tier 2 for the same displacement engine. By using SCR, the engine can operate more efficiently, producing less PM in cylinder, without
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the need of a DOC of DPF. Also with SCR, lower emission regulations in the future, as well as for non-attainment locations today, can be reached. EGR emissions technology cannot meet any lower emission regulations than Tier 4 Final.
EDUCATING THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY Although the company is very familiar with SCR technology, the oil & gas industry is just becoming familiar with the regulations and the engine changes necessary to meet them. To help its customers prepare for this change, Cummins has designed, built and tested a drilling power module (DPM) that can be temporarily integrated into existing Tier 2 or Tier 4 equipment. Tis DPM allows customers first-hand experience with a Tier 4 Final compliant package on their job-site. Tis DPM, dubbed ‘rotating unit’, includes a Tier 4 drilling power module, cooling system and DEF system, is housed on a 40in length x 10in wide x 11in height master skid and is designed to move from site to site and customer to customer.
Turnkey Cummins Tier 4 Final drilling power module (DPM) package
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