822
Journal of Paleontology 89(5):821–844
County, New Mexico (Fig. 1). The Rincon Quarry represents a late Barstovian assemblage (14.5–12.5 Ma) in the Cerro Conejo Formation (Tedford, 1981; Tedford et al., 2004; Connell et al., 2007), also referred to as the Cerro Conejo Member of the Zia Formation (Connell, 2001; Morgan and Lucas, 2001). The paleoenvironment of the region was primarily composed of temperate xerophytic shrubland (Pound et al., 2012). The Rincon Quarry shares similar faunal components to the Pojoa- que Member of the Tesuque Formation in the Española Basin, New Mexico (Tedford, 1981; Morgan and Lucas, 2001; Tedford et al., 2004). Mammals reported from the fauna include the borophagine canids Aelurodon ferox Leidy, 1858, and Paratomarctus temerarius Leidy, 1858, and horses Neohipparion Gidley, 1903, and Pliohippus Marsh, 1874 (Morgan and Lucas, 2001). FAM 13822 was preserved in soft fine-grained sandstone
before preparation by the author. The specimen is badly crushed and highly fractured due to sedimentary compaction over time. Despite this, the right side of the carapace and plastron, mandible, and postcranial elements including partially articulated cervical and caudal vertebrae are relatively well preserved. FAM 13014 is a partial shell comprised of disarticulated fragments.
Lewis Quarry 7, Donley County, Texas.—The fossil shell of a previously undescribed kinosternine, FAM 12778, is likewise part of the Frick Collection housed at the AMNH in New York. The specimen was collected in the panhandle region of northern Texas, Donley County, from the Lewis Quarry 7 locality (Schultz, 1977; 1990; 2002) (Fig. 1), which has also been referred to as ‘Lewis Place Quarry 7’ or ‘Chamberlain’s Quarry 7’ in theAMNHdatabase.FAM12778 was collected in 1958 by Will Chamberlain of Clarendon, Texas. Mr. Chamberlain did extensive field collecting in the panhandle region between 1929 and 1960 for the Frick Laboratories of New York
(Schultz, 1977). FAM 12778 is highly fractured, but preserved almost in its entirety having been partially encapsulated in a concretionary nodule. The surrounding matrix is a ferruginous concretionary sandstone, like that described by Schultz (1977, 1990); a composite of iron-rich yellow and tan to grey sand bonded by calcium carbonate, with fossilized impressions and delicate ferric casts of tiny freshwater snails, cf. Hydrobiidae (identified by Roger Portell, Division of Invertebrate Paleon- tology, FLMNH, personal commun., 2013), interspersed throughout.FAM12778 is exceptionally preserved, but exhibits chipping and minor damage on the dorsal carapace, right ante- rior peripherals, ventral epiplastra, and left hyoplastron. This is most noticeable on the ventral face of the epiplastra, where the intergular and gular scute sulci are faint and surface texture of the bone is abnormally smooth as if it was sheared by a chisel-like implement. FAM 12778 was recently prepared by the author at the FLMNH using a formic acid process similar to that described by Bourque (2012b). Lewis Quarry 7 represents one in a complex of Clarendo-
nian (~12–9.5 Ma) sinkhole deposits along a paleostream channel (Schultz, 1977; 1990; Tedford et al., 2004). The paleoclimate and paleoecology of the region has been proposed as warm and temperate to subtropical, with slow-moving streams (occasionally transformed to high-energy rivers in flood events), bordered by grassy and savanna-like floodplain habitats with peripheral ponds and marshes (Schultz, 1977; 1990). Pound et al. (2012) hypothesized that the region was dominated by temperate deciduous broadleaf savanna. Previously reported components of the herpetofauna from the region include testudinid, emydid, and trionychid turtles, and an alligatorid (Schultz, 1990). The emydid Trachemys hilli (Cope, 1878) (the senior synonym of Chrysemys limnodytes Galbreath, 1948 [sensu Adler, 1968]) is reported from the similarly aged Laverne (= Beaver) Local Fauna, Beaver County, Oklahoma. The mammalian fauna of the middle Clarendonian Texas panhandle was dominated by medium to large sized grazing mammals, including the wetland-associated rhinoceros Teleoceras Hatcher, 1894 (Schultz, 1977, 1990, 2002).
Figure 1. Map of North America illustrating Barstovian and Clarendonian localities with Kinosternon fossils described here. Dots represent the following (from left to right): New Mexico, Rincon Quarry; Texas, Lewis Quarry 7; Kansas, WaKeeney Local Fauna; Nebraska, Middle of Road Locality; Florida, Suwannee River Mine (upper dot), and Love Bone Bed (lower dot). Scale bar equals 497 miles. Map generated using data from
nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp. html#srldpri.
WaKeeney Local Fauna, Trego County, Kansas.—The WaKeeney Local Fauna from northwestern Kansas (Fig. 1) comprises a rich herpetofauna that was collected from a small stream basin (Wilson, 1968; Holman, 1975). The paleoenvir- onment is hypothesized to have been a riverine community (Wilson, 1968), perhaps bordered by temperate deciduous broadleaf savanna (Pound et al., 2012). Wilson (1968) proposed a middle to late Clarendonian age for the site, and biochrono- logically informative mammalian taxa from this fauna show similarities to the Beaver Quarry and Cragin Quarry faunas, which are believed to be middle to late Clarendonian in age, ~11.5–9.5Ma (Tedford et al., 2004). Previously reported chelonians from the WaKeeney Local Fauna include: Kinosternon, Pseudemys Gray, 1856b, cf. Chrysemys Gray, 1844, ‘Trionyx’ Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 (now Apalone Rafinesque, 1832), Terrapene Merrem, 1820, cf. T. carolina (Linnaeus, 1758), ‘Geochelone’ orthopygia (Cope, 1878), and ‘Geochelone’ Fitzinger, 1835, sp. (Wilson, 1968; Holman, 1975, 1981). Holman (1975, 1981) also reported the occurrence of the stinkpot musk turtle, Sternotherus odoratus, in the
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