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Maintain adequate pasture forage Quantity and quality of pasture determines economic


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viability of the ranch, so it is important to manage for- age for perpetual production. Fortunately, high cattle prices may act as a deterrent to quick restocking of drought-ravaged pastures. Range and pastures need to be rested until forage can rebuild its root systems and produce enough foliage to allow grazing without detrimental effects. Continuously grazed plants are required to con-


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stantly replace their foliage to survive. Under these demands, the plants deplete their carbohydrate stor- age and are unable to produce additional growth. They eventually die and are replaced with plants less palatable to cattle. Carbohydrates are produced in plant leaves from the


sun’s energy through a process called photosynthesis. They are manufactured in plant leaves and stored in stem bases, roots and rhizomes. Plants use carbohy- drates to grow leaves and tillers. Stored carbohydrates keep plants alive during peri-


ods of stress such as drought and winter. For pastures to rebound from drought, they need rest so the plants can rebuild their carbohydrate reserves and grow more foliage. “Monitor forage inventories continually to ensure


that animal numbers stay in balance with the forage supply,” says Jeff Goodwin, state GLCI grazingland specialist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA-NRCS). “If they become out of balance, it will be necessary to purchase hay or reduce livestock numbers. A graz- ing plan is just a plan, not a contract. It needs to be adjusted frequently in response to rainfall and other changing conditions.” The fi rst paradigm shift to consider in dealing with


rising costs is to manage grazing so that enough plant foliage remains for continued forage production. The goal is to make pasture forage the major component of the animal nutrition program, buy no or very little hay and feed protein supplement only when necessary to maintain body condition.


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the costs, such as labor and machinery, are fi xed and are harder to manage than variable costs. Good ac- counting practices and tough management decisions are required for surviving this cost-escalation dilem- ma. Several paradigm shifts in management practices should be considered.”


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