A2 Politics & The Nation
Pump found to extend heart patients’ lives...........................................A3 Libyan controversy adds to BP’s woes ...................................................A4 Obama on the stump: Touting stimulus bill, blasting its opponent ...A5
The World
Vatican issues rules on clergy abuse; activists call them weak ...........A8 Foreign Digest Dozens killed, injured in blasts in southeast.........................................A8 U.S.-Israeli security ties grow amid diplomatic disputes.....................A9 U.S. cedes last detention center to Iraq................................................A10
Economy & Business
Carlyle to acquire NBTY for $3.8 billion..............................................A12 For some borrowers, another credit check before closing .................A12 Business Digest J.P. Morgan posts $4.8 billion profit.....................................................A12 Market Summary....................................................................................A14
WASHINGTON BUSINESS The ups and downs of prices at the pump ...........................................A14
The Fed Page
In the Loop Will Jack Lew be second time lucky? ....................................................A16 House backs update of flood insurance ...............................................A16 Obama’s nominee reimburses $3,100; pay was GPO ‘error’...............A16
Opinion
Eugene R. Sullivan and Louis J. Freeh: A federal court for Gitmo ....A17 Editorial: Laying the groundwork for clean energy ...........................A18
S
KLMNO
FRIDAY, JULY 16, 2010 Ship hull dug up at World Trade Center site
POSSIBLY FROM 18TH CENTURY
Race on to study vessel before it deteriorates
Associated Press
new york — Workers at the World Trade Center site are exca- vating a 32-foot-long ship hull ap- parently used in the 18th century as part of the fill that extended lower Manhattan into the Hudson River. It was hoped that the artifact could be retrieved by the end of the day Thursday, archaeologist Molly McDonald said. A boat spe- cialist planned to look at it. McDonald said she wanted to
at least salvage some timbers; it was unclear whether any large portions could be lifted intact. “We’re mostly clearing it by hand because it’s kind of fragile,” she said, but construction equipment could be used later in the process. McDonald and archaeologist A.
CORRECTIONS
A Hot Tickets listing in today’s Weekend section, which was printed in advance, misstates the sales outlet and the date that sales begin for tickets to the Sept. 26 WPOC 93.1 Sunday in the Country concert at Merriweather Post Pavilion. Tickets for the show, which features Lady Ante- bellum, Eric Church, Gloriana, Bucky Covington and Matt Ken- non, go on sale Friday at 10 a.m. through Ticketfly.
A July 12 Metro article about the first year of the Community College of the District of Colum- bia incorrectly said that the num- ber of students more than dou-
·· E-mail
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bled from its first semester, from about 960 in fall 2009 to 2,335 in the recently concluded semester. The second number is correct, but there were 1,779 students last fall.
The Michael Wilbon column in the July 10 Sports section, about LeBron James’s decision to sign with the Miami Heat, incorrectly said that Charles Barkley had changed teams once during his NBA career. He actually changed teams twice: He was traded from the Philadelphia 76ers to the Phoenix Suns in 1992, and traded from the Suns to the Houston Rockets in 1996.
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Michael Pappalardo were at the site of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks when the discovery was made Tuesday morning. “We noticed curved timbers
that a backhoe brought up,” Mc- Donald said Wednesday. “We quickly found the rib of a vessel and continued to clear it away
DON EMMERT/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESS VIA GETTY IMAGES
Workers and members of the media examine the ship hull discovered at the site of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks in New York. Archaeologists said more tests need to be done to determine the vessel’s age.
and expose the hull over the last two days.” The two archaeologists work for AKRF, a firm hired to docu- ment artifacts discovered at the site. They called the find signifi- cant but said more study was needed to determine the age of the ship. “We’re going to send timber
samples to a laboratory to do den- drochronology that will help us to get a sense of when the boat was constructed,” McDonald said. Dendrochronology is the science that uses tree rings to determine dates and chronological order. A 100-pound anchor was found
a few yards from the ship hull Wednesday, but the archaeolo-
gists are not sure if it belongs to the ship. It is three to four feet across, McDonald said. The archaeologists are racing to record and analyze the vessel before the delicate wood, now ex- posed to air, begins to deteriorate. “I kept thinking of how closely it came to being destroyed,” Pap- palardo said.
Interrogation limits in memo again at issue Former Justice official
says he did not approve some harsh techniques
by Jerry Markon and Peter Finn
The former top Justice Depart- ment official whose office wrote memos blessing harsh interroga- tion techniques for terrorism sus- pects told congressional investi- gators that CIA interrogators might have exceeded the legal limits set by those memos. Jay S. Bybee, who headed the
department’s Office of Legal Counsel, told investigators in May that he never approved some in- terrogation techniques that de- tainees say were used against them, including punching, kick- ing and dousings with cold water. Techniques his office did approve, such as waterboarding, or sim- ulated drowning of terrorism sus- pects, were used excessively, By- bee said. A CIA report released last year concluded that interrogators ex- ceeded legal guidelines, but By- bee’s voice carries particular weight because he wrote two of the Bush-era memos. His words, released by House Democrats, re- ignited the fierce political debate over the interrogations and whether those who authorized and carried them out should face criminal charges. Judiciary Committee Chairman
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John Conyers Jr. (D-Mich.) sent to the Justice Department a tran- script of Bybee’s interview with the committee, saying Bybee re- vealed that “many brutal tech- niques reportedly used in CIA in- terrogations were not authorized” by the department. Rep. Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.), called on Justice to expand its in- quiry of interrogation practices by appointing a special counsel;
the American Civil Liberties Union said the probe should ex- tend to senior Bush officials. But former and current CIA of-
ficials rejected that interpretation of Bybee’s testimony. They said Office of Legal Counsel opinions, including his own, had provided legal backing for questioning ter- rorism suspects after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. The question of whether in-
terrogators stepped outside legal boundaries lies at the heart of the investigation into interrogation practices, one of the Bush admin- istration’s most fraught legacies. In August, Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. expanded the mandate of Assistant U.S. Attor-
Holder said after a June 17 speech at the University of the District of Columbia. “The question is whether or not people went beyond even those pretty far-out OLC opinions,” Holder said, according to a video of his remarks. The Justice Department de- clined to comment Thursday, as did Bybee, now a federal appeals court judge in Nevada. A spokes- man for Durham, Tom Carson, said only that the investigation is ongoing. One lawyer familiar with the case said Durham has been in “radio silence” in recent weeks. Sources have said the Justice
Department review of detainee abuse is focusing on a small num-
“Our memo was very, very specific
to them . . .” — Jay S. Bybee, former Justice Department official
ney John H. Durham to include the actions of CIA interrogators and contractors at “black site” prisons. Durham had been ap- pointed the year before to investi- gate the destruction of videotapes of some of the interrogations; that probe is also continuing. The release of Bybee’s interview comes as Durham’s inquiry ap- pears to be reaching a critical stage. Holder said recently that Durham is close to finishing a pre- liminary review of whether there is a basis for criminal action and that the prosecutor would make recommendations to him within several months. “What I made clear was that for those people who acted in confor- mity with Justice Department opinions from the Office of Legal Counsel that said you could do certain things . . . if people acted in good faith relying on Justice Department guidelines, those are not people we are looking at,”
ber of cases. They include the 2002 death of a young Afghan man who was beaten and chained to a cold concrete floor without blankets at a secret CIA facility in Afghanistan known as the Salt Pit. The review has generated criti- cism from Republicans and from former CIA directors, who argued it will inhibit intelligence opera- tions and demoralize agency em- ployees. Two teams of Justice De- partment prosecutors in the Bush administration had decided against a criminal inquiry. In his closed-door testimony, Bybee suggested that the legal ad- vice validating particular interro- gation techniques applied only to Zayn al-Abidin Muhammed Hus- sein, the al-Qaeda operative known as Abu Zubaida, whose March 2002 capture led to the writing of the Aug. 1, 2002,mem- os. Abu Zubaida, who officials have said was waterboarded, was
the first “high-value” detainee in CIA custody.
“Our memo was very, very spe-
cific to them that there were cer- tain conditions, certain factual as- sumptions that CIA gave us, and that if they acted outside of those factual assumptions, that we had not issued an opinion to them,” Bybee told the committee. Christopher Anders, senior leg-
islative counsel at the ACLU, said the testimony showed that sub- sequent interrogations — includ- ing those of Khalid Sheik Moham- med, the self-described Sept. 11 mastermind — were illegal be- cause the memos did not provide legal protection, or a “golden shield,’’ for interrogators. “They should have been going back for an opinion with every detainee that they wanted to interrogate, and because they didn’t do that there is no ‘golden shield,’ ” An- ders said. But John A. Rizzo, the CIA’s act-
ing general counsel at the time, said the agency was told shortly after the Aug. 1 memos were writ- ten that they could be used as le- gal backing to question other sus- pects. “It was a relatively short time after we got the memo that Justice advised us that if the same criteria and standards applied, the techniques are applied in the same way, the conclusions would be the same,” Rizzo said. The committee, citing testi-
mony that detainees give to the International Committee for the Red Cross, asked Bybee if his memos had sanctioned prolonged stress standing, dousing detain- ees with cold water and “daily beatings,” including punching and kicking. Bybee said that his office was not asked about such tactics and that the memos did not cover them. The committee also pressed By- bee on whether the “substantial repetition” of waterboarding — 83 times in Abu Zubaida’s case and 183 times for Mohammed — took it beyond Justice Department le- gal opinions and made it illegal. “To the extent that the CIA de-
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