Wastewater, a global problem with differing regional issues


Total fertilizers usage


Million tonnes over 1980-2002 period


Water disease related deaths


per 100 000 inhabitants


Sources: WHO database, data for 2002; FAO database; Babel et Walid, 2008: European Environment Agency, 2009; Diaz, R., et al., 2008.


Variation within Europe: Exceeding critical nutrient loading Helmand 3 55 Indus 94


less than 15 15 to 30 30 to 100


Dead zones


100 to 200 200 to 400 More than 400


910 370


45 Polluted river basins Ganges


Brahmaputra Meghna


Eutrophication equivalents (N) per hectare and year


None 0 to 200 200 to 400 400 to 700 700 to 1 200


18


Ecosystem deterioration parameter *


Severe High


Wastewater discharge (Billion cubic metres per year)


* Defined as the land ratio without vegetation coverage (forest area and wetlands) used to present the contribution of an ecosystem’s deterioration to the vulnerability of its water resources.


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