Black Carbon emissions
East Asia
Share by sector and geographic
distribution
Western Africa
South America
Southern Asia
South-East Asia
Southern Africa
East Africa
USA
Central America
Oceania
Former USSR
East Europe
Japan
Middle East
Canada
Northern Africa
6%
Residential - coal and others
10% Industry and power generation
10% Transport - non road
ter 60–87 Gt of atmospheric carbon by 2050, equivalent
14% Transport - road
to some 12–15% of projected CO
2
emissions from fossil
fuel burning for that period (Trumper et al., 2009).
It is becoming better understood that there are critical
18% Residential - biofuel
thresholds of anthropogenic climate change, beyond
which dangerous thresholds will be passed (IPCC,
2007a). For example, to keep average temperature rises
to less than 2°C, global emissions have to be reduced
by up to 85% from 2000 levels by 2050 and to peak
42% Open biomass
no later than 2015, according to the IPCC (Trumper et
al., 2009).
Black Carbon emissions
Teragrams per year (2000)
But while the loss of green carbon ecosystems have at-
1570
tracted much interest, for example by combating the
800
380
200
120 Figure 4: Combustion sources of black carbon.
(Source: Dennis Clare, State of the World 2009, www.
Sources: Bond et al., 2000.
worldwatch.org).
18
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