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Forests
2009
NEMA
An early morning ride through a cool and refreshing Mabira (natural) forest along the Kampala-Jinja Highway (2008)
F
orest resources in Uganda comprise of both Since the colonial era in Uganda, gazettement of
natural forests and plantations. Natural forests forest resources has been undertaken under three
include tropical high forests and woodlands while main categories which still form the back borne of
plantations comprise both pines and hardwoods. Forests the current gazettement plans. The aim is to ensure
and woodlands cover approximately 4.9 million hectares continuous supply of forest goods and services to the
which is approximately 20% of the total country area. Of people of Uganda in perpetuity. The categories therefore
these, 924,000 ha are tropical high forests, 3,974,102 ha include supply of goods especially hardwood timber;
are woodlands while 35,066 ha are forest plantations. protection of water catchments and control of erosion;
Forests in Uganda occur as gazetted areas (forest and increased production of forest goods through
reserves), other protected areas (national parks) and establishment of forest plantations. Presently, most of
as forests on private land. Forests and woodlands are the forest cover under protection is located on the upper
estimated to have covered about 10,800,000 ha (45%) slopes of mountains and highlands. Besides biodiversity
of Uganda’s surface area in around 1890. Since then, conservation, the forests in these highland areas are
the size of the forest estate has drastically shrunk. For for protection of important water catchments and for
example, at the beginning of the 20th century, Uganda’s erosion control. In other parts of the country, forests
tropical high forests covered 3,090,000 ha or 12% of the were gazetted primarily for biodiversity conservation and
country’s area. Over the years the forests have been supply of timber.
gradually cleared and today estimates indicate reduction
to about 730,000 ha, which is only (3%) of Uganda’s area.
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