Zone I Lake Victoria Basin
This zone is located around Lake Victoria and extends for a distance varying between
48-64 km inland from the lake shore. Rainfall varies from 1250 mm to over 2000 mm per
annum. Rainfall is received throughout the year with two rainfall peaks in April-May
and October-November; and two relatively low rainfall periods between December-
March and June-July. The rainfall peaks are associated with the onset of southeast
2005
and northeast monsoon winds. Temperature, humidity, and wind patterns in this
NEMA
zone display comparatively small variations throughout the year.
Human settlements along the shores of Lake Victoria in Bugiri District.
The trees planted by communities did not effectively ameliorate
Zone II Karamoja
the effects of climatic extremes in the area as the regulations on
managememt of the catchment zone were not adhered to (2005)
This zone is characterized by a long and hot dry season lasting from November to
March. It is the driest and hottest part of the country. There is a single rainy season
from April to August. Average annual rainfall is between 300 mm and 600 mm,
declining from west to east of the zone.
Zone III Western Uganda
This zone forms a relatively narrow belt along the entire western extremities of
2008
the country. The eastern limits of the zone are, however, difficult to determine.
NEMA
It includes the highland area of West Nile region, the escapement of the Albertine
rift valley, the rift valley, the South Western highland region, and the mountains
of Rwenzori and Muhavura. On the plateau, escarpment, and in the highlands
rainfall is about 1250 mm, while in the mountains it increases to over 2000 mm.
Generally, rainfall increases with altitude in the entire zone. The rift valley
section experiences low rainfall, with averages of less than 875 mm. Temperature
conditions vary widely from cold in the mountains, cool in the highlands to hot on
Dried Mubuku River during the dry season, Kasese District. In
the background: Mt. Rwenzori ranges (2008)
the rift valley floor.
Zone IV Acholi-Kyoga
The zone includes much of the northern and part of eastern Uganda. The average
rainfall is from 1250 mm to 1500 mm and mainly occurs between April and October
(Wet season). The dry period usually extends from November to March. Rainfall is
mainly convectional, characterized by afternoon and evening occurrences.
Zone V Southern Uganda
This zone extends from eastern to south-western Uganda, up to Rakai District. It
2008
experiences double maxima rainfall patterns with averages ranging from 875 mm
NEMA
to 1125 mm. The rainy seasons occur between April-May and September-November.
Maritime climatically influenced Lake Victoria plains at
The zone experiences two dry seasons, from June to July and December to January.
Kakira in Jinja District (2008)
The rainfall patterns in this zone are largely influenced by the maritime Lake Victoria
conditions and the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The rainfall is dominated
by thunderstorms of convectional nature.
Zone VI Mount Elgon
This zone experiences the main rains from March to September but with a sharp
dry spell in June, and with a dry period from December to February. The rainfall
patterns are influenced by both the orographic effects of the mountains and the
2008
proximity to Lake Victoria, through increasing total rainfall and decreasing the
NEMA
severity of the dry period. On the mountain foot hills and slopes, rainfall decreases
from south (1250-1500 mm) to north (1000 mm) with the northern slopes falling
within the rain shadow of the mountain.
Heavy rainfall triggered landslides on Mt. Elgon at Busayi
Bududa in November 1997; it destroyed 97 houses.
9
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