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2007
2008
NEMA
NEMA
Effects of the Northern By-pass during the rainy season (2007)
Flooding in Bwaise, a Kampala surbub after a heavy down pour (2008)
Prior to the peak of urbanisation being experienced now, water being drained from these areas. This has greatly
these two systems had a wide coverage of wetlands and lowered the water table in these areas leading to further
around them a buffer of thick forests. Citizens in 1960s encroachment of the remaing strectches for agriculture.
would use boats to cross over from Kamwokya along the
stream through the present Centenary Park to Luzira. Water Quality
The streams even had a lot of water then.
This has seen most of the water in these places drained In the 1960s Kampala had clear water in the streams and
and lowering the water tables temporailiry during the good drinking water in the natural springs.
dry seasons. Overtime, the city has had the water quality
deteriorating due to:
The shrinkage of Nsooba-Lubigi wetland system in the • Contamination of water from pit latrines and
upper catchments due to settlements has increased the poorly constructed ‘hanging’ latrines that
retention time of the water in the lower reaches during are opened into the channels during rains
rains resulting into flooding. It should be noted that the • Frequent flooding that ends up draining the pit
gradient of this system is quite low making the water latrines directly into the water tables
meander at a slow rate as it finds its level. This process
has greatly increased on the wetland coverage down- Currently, more than 85% of the spring wells in Kampala
stream around the Kampala-Wakiso border and beyond. are polluted with E-coli- a sign of faecal contamination.
Areas of Namungoona have seen land that was dry being • Industries that have been constructed close to
reclaimed by the wetland overtime. water ways, releasing their effluents into the
water.
There has been contionous shrinkage of the Nakivubo • The silt which is being eroded from the opened
wetland system. The gradient of this drainage system is up areas and during the rains is swept down into
a bit steeper than that of Nsooba-Lubigi wetland system the water sources. Overtime, Lake Victoria has
and so water in this system has less time to reticulate become more turbid and this has a negative
and claim some areas. The situation was worsened by impact on the fish industry since it leads
the widening of Nakivubo Channel which saw a lot of to silting up of the breeding grounds for fish.
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