Transboundary and cross-border environmental issues
Chapter 3
Transboundary and cross-border environmental issues in Uganda
2008
NEMA
The source of River Nile at Jinja. The River Nile leaves Lake Victoria at Jinja. The tributaries of the Nile flow through nine countries in Africa into the Mediterranean Sea.
D
istribution of natural resources and biodiversity
Lake Victoria is also another resource where Uganda has
oes not respect boundaries, which makes their
gone into partnership with its neighbors to manage it
management of transboundary in character.
sustainably. The East African Community has designated
Uganda shares boundaries with Kenya, Tanzania,
Lake Victoria and its Basin as an “area of common
Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Sudan. Many
economic interest” and a “regional economic growth
protected areas, rivers, lakes in Uganda are shared with
zone” to be developed jointly by the Partner States.
these countries. For example one of the longest river
And Lake Victoria is the focus of new attention following
in Africa, the Nile and is shared by many countries has
the declaration by the East African Community Heads
its source in Uganda. Furthermore, Uganda now has 80
of State that a joint programme be developed for the
districts and many ecosystems are shared among districts
overall management and rational utilization of the
which calls for increased collaborative efforts to manage
shared resources of the lake.
these resources. Uganda has signed several agreements
with its neighbors to manage some of these resources.
The East African Community established the Lake
The Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) is a partnership initiated
Victoria Development Programme in 2001, as a
and led by the riparian states of the Nile River through
mechanism for coordinating the various interventions
the Council of Ministers of Water Affairs of the Nile Basin
on the Lake and its Basin; and serving as a centre for
states (Nile Council of Ministers, or Nile-COM). The NBI
promotion of investments and information sharing among
seeks to develop the river in a cooperative manner, share
the various stakeholders. Currently there is the Lake
substantial socioeconomic benefits, and promote regional
Victoria commission that became effective in 2005 with
peace and security.
its headquaters at Kisumu. It is the apex institution of
EAC mandated with overall coordination.
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