Stem Cells
Figure 4 Feeder-free culture systems
prevent the exposure of PSCs to animal pathogens. The Thermo Fisher Scientific
Gibco™ StemFlex™ medium
supports the robust expansion of feeder-free pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and is optimised
to support novel applications, including single-cell passaging and genome editing
enchymal, pancreatic progenitor and cardiac cell types, as well as cerebral and intestinal organoids.
References 1 Milan, DJ, MacRae, CA. Animal models for arrhythmias. Cardiovascular Research, 2005, 67 (3): 426-437. 2 Shi, Y, Inoue, H, Wu, JC, Yamanaka, S. Induced pluripotent stem cell technology: a decade of progress. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2017, 16: 115-130. 3Takahashi, K, Yamanaka, S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. Cell, 2006,126 (4): 663-676. 4Yu, J, Vodyanik, MA, Smuga- Otto, K, Antosiewicz-Bourget, J, Frane, JL, Tian, S, Nie, J, Jonsdottir, GA, Ruotti, V, Stewart, R, Slukvin, II, Thomson, JA. Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science, 2007, 318 (5858): 1917-1920.
and expansion, are performed on one device using a single-use tubing set composed of bags, fluidic paths, centrifugation chamber and temperature control element. Integrated IPC/QC sampling pouches provide the option to take a sample with- out compromising the sterility of the system. By reducing hands-on steps performed by an operator, the system can increase reproducibility during dif- ferentiation and expansion, allowing for more robust subsequent drug screening experiments that are suitable for clinical scale-up (Figure 3).
STEMCELL Technologies offers robust culture systems for optimum reproducibility. This includes the TeSR™ range of human embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem cell culture media, a fam- ily of feeder-free media that is produced using pre- screened materials to ensure the highest standard of batch-to-batch consistency. In addition to mTeSR™1, the most widely published feeder-free hPSC culture medium, product offerings include the ArciTect™ CRISPR-Cas9 system for genome editing, the CloneR™ supplement for robust gen- eration of clonal hPSC cell lines without the need for single-cell adaptation and mTeSR™3D, an optimised suspension culture medium to enable seamless scale-up. Differentiation of hPSCs towards specific lineages is also supported with the STEMdiff™ product line of specialised kits for generating diverse cell/tissue types from all three germ lineages (ectodermal, endodermal and meso- dermal), including neural, hematopoietic, mes-
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Takara Bio’s Cellartis DEF-CS 500 Culture System allows iPSCs to grow in a 2D-monolayer that is unlike the traditional colony culture approach. The 2D-monolayer allows cell generation to be readily scaled, giving scientists more control over how many cells are formed in a flask, plate or dish. Cellartis DEF-CS 500 media is designed to ensure cells maintain pluripotency and remain karyotypi- cally normal, for optimal results. Additionally, Takara Bio has recently launched a kit containing all the necessary additives to allow researchers to generate hepatocytes from their own iPSCs. The kit is based on a differentiation protocol that mimics embryonic development to offer a universal and robust approach to hepatocyte cell growth and has been tested against more than 20 iPSC lines. These differentiation kits form part of Takara Bio’s com- plete solution for hepatocytes which also includes fully-differentiated frozen cells and outsourced ser- vices for the generation of iPSC-derived hepato- cytes from customer provided iPSC donor lines.
Thermo Fisher Scientific offers a broad range of products for stem cell research. For cell culture, its Gibco™ range of media, supplements and cell cul- ture reagents are optimised for reproducibility and performance. The Gibco™ StemFlex™ medium and Gibco™ RevitaCell™ supplement support the robust expansion of feeder-free pluripotent stem cells and are optimised for more challenging appli- cations such as single-cell passaging, gene editing and reprogramming. In addition, for iPSC gene editing, Invitrogen TrueCut Cas9 Protein v2 is a next-generation CRISPR Cas9 protein that has been engineered to maximise editing efficiency. The product is transfection-ready and eliminates time- consuming cloning steps (Figure 4).
Delivering the promise of personalised medicine Undoubtedly, disease models based on stem cells will play a key role in realising the goals of preci- sion medicine. Stem cell research is now being combined with single-cell analysis, allowing researchers to study the effects of drugs on individ- ual cells as they go through the differentiation pro- cess. This is allowing multiple disease models to be generated from a single donor, giving scientists the opportunity to explore the effects of novel treat- ments on multiple organs or cell types, while main- taining the genetic information contained within them. By creating disease models from individuals
Drug Discovery World Fall 2018
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