• applying organic manure • applying manufactured nitrogen fertiliser


• feeding livestock • housing livestock Robert Sheasby, Chief Executive of the


NEW GUIDE FOR FARMERS TO HELP REDUCE AIR POLLUTION


FROM AMMONIA A new guide has set out the steps farmers, advisors and contractors can take to reduce ammonia emissions and help improve air quality. Our Clean Air Strategy highlights that


agriculture is responsible for 88% of UK emissions of ammonia gas, ‘over-fertilises’ natural habitats with nitrogen and combines with other pollutants to produce fine particulate matter pollution which is harmful to human health.


The Code of Good Agricultural Practice


(COGAP) for Reducing Ammonia Emissions sets out simple steps all farmers can take to reduce ammonia emissions such as using a nutrient management plan to calculate fertiliser application rates. It also includes more significant changes to slurry storage, spreading equipment and infrastructure, alongside innovative techniques such as slurry and digestate acidification and separation. Environment Minister Thérèse Coffey


said, “Air pollution is not just an urban issue and with 88% of ammonia emissions coming from farming, the government is taking concerted action. With clear new guidance and financial support we will help farmers across the country to take action, reduce emissions and help improve air quality.” In addition to the new guidance, Defra


is providing a package of financial and technical advice to help farmers reduce their emissions. Defra is investing £3 million over the


next three years to fund a specialist team of experts who will offer support, advice and guidance on the most effective ways to reduce emissions from ammonia on their land. It will fund demonstrations of the latest low-emission spreading equipment and one-to-one advice on reducing ammonia emissions which will be available from Catchment Sensitive Farming officers by the end of this year. The voluntary code has been written


by Defra in collaboration with the National Farmers Union (NFU), the Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board and the Agricultural Industries Confederation. Contributions have also been made by other organisations including ADAS, the British Egg Council, the Central Association of Agricultural Valuers, the Environment Agency, Linking Environment and Farming (LEAF), the National Association of Agricultural Contractors, Natural England, Plantlife and the Tenant Farmers Association. The guide includes information on how to reduce emissions when: • storing organic manure


Agricultural Industries Confederation (AIC) which represents companies delivering both inputs and advice to farmers said: “We are pleased to note that the new Code


recognises the importance of professional advisers in guiding farm practice. Those on the Feed Adviser Register and FACTS Qualified Advisers are already undertaking additional training that will update some 4,500 professionals on the Code’s requirements. “By delivering advice tailored to the needs


of individual farms, their crops and livestock, we will make a significant contribution to meeting Defra’s ambition for productivity and ammonia mitigation.”


RESEARCH EVALUATES POSSIBLE INTERACTION BETWEEN XYLANASE USAGE AND BUTYRATE IN BROILER


PERFORMANCE AB Vista research, presented at the 2018 Poultry Science Association Annual Meeting, evaluated the possible interaction between xylanase and butyrate supplementation on performance in broilers fed a wheat-based diet.


Sodium butyrate is commonly added


to broiler diets to promote animal health. A short chain fatty acid, butyrate is an essential energy source for intestinal epithelial cells and for intestinal function. Part of the mode of action of NSPase


enzymes is improved fibre fermentation and VFA (including butyrate) production, and this is partly responsible for improved performance in broilers fed an NSPase. Xylanase inclusion was shown to improve


broiler feed efficiency and body weight gain in the starter period and feed conversion at 42 days of age, whereas butyrate had no effect on overall performance. When measured across the different


intestinal compartments, VFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate; end-products of fibre fermentation) were primarily present in the caeca. The results of the trial showed that


xylanase supplementation improved the performance of broilers fed a wheat-based diet, giving superior performance benefits over an added external source of butyrate. “We know that some specific xylanase


end-products produced during the animal’s life are necessary for adapting the intestinal microbiota, which in turn can boost fibre utilisation and performance,” says Gemma Gonzalez Ortiz, AB Vista Research Manager. A copy of the abstract can be viewed


in the Poultry Science Association Abstract Book, available to download at www.poultryscience.org/psa18/


NEW EU REGULATION: COPPER OXIDATION STATE MATTERS Long awaited, EU Regulation 2018/1039 on copper sources for animal nutrition was finally published on July 23rd. The following changes will be implemented:


-Maximum copper supplementation levels will be even more restricted in piglet feeds: Before


After


Piglets up to 12 weeks: 170 mg/kg Cu (total)


Suckling and weaned up to 4 weeks after weaning: 150 mg/kg Cu (total)


From 5th week after weaning up to 8 weeks after weaning: 100 mg/kg Cu (total)


-Oxidation state and copper concentration in each compound will be more strictly defined: Oxidation state Cu2+ Cu+


Copper(II) oxide


Copper(I) oxide (CoRouge® Copper(II) carbonate Copper(II) chloride Copper(II) diacetate Copper(II) sulphate


)


Copper(II) chelate of glycine (solid) Copper(II) chelate of amino acids


Copper(II) chelate of protein hydrolysates Copper(II) chelate of glycine (liquid)


Cu2+ Cu2+ Cu2+ Cu2+ Cu2+ Cu2+ Cu2+ Cu2+


Minimum Cu content 77 % 73 % 52 % 36 % 31 % 24 % 15 % 10 % 10 % 6 %


-Copper compounds will not be used in water for drinking. With such progress in the definition and characterization of supplemented trace minerals,


European regulation helps the feed industry to select the best copper source for optimal bioavailability and intestinal health. CoRouge®


, as a unique form of copper(I) oxide, has been


authorised in the European Union since December 2016 with latest requirements on proofs of identity, safety and efficacy.


PAGE 60 SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 FEED COMPOUNDER


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