UK
he education systems of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland have continued to diversify in recent years. Scotland has its own qualifications framework. While the systems in England, Wales and Northern Ireland share some similarities, on closer inspection they all have their own distinctions.
T ENGLAND’S SCHOOL SYSTEM
There are a variety of schools to choose from in the English education system, and they are funded and managed in different ways. By law, children must be in full-time education by their
fifth birthday, although most will start school when they are four years old. The majority of children in England attend state schools, but a handful of families (around 7 per cent) pay for their children to attend independent (also known as private or public) schools. Currently, children of families from within the European Economic Area (EEA) are also entitled to a free state education, whereas the visa status of families from outside the EEA will determine whether they can apply for a state-funded place. It is not known as yet what the impact of Brexit will be on school admissions for relocating families from the EU.
STATE SCHOOLS
State schools follow the National Curriculum and are inspected by the Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills (Ofsted). The most common mainstream state schools in England are:
• Community schools – Controlled by the local council and not influenced by a business or religious group
• Foundation schools and voluntary schools – Have more freedom to change the way they do things than community schools
• Academies – Run by a governing body, independent of the local council, and can follow a different curriculum
• Grammar schools – Run by the local council, a foundation body or a trust. They select their pupils based on academic ability
There are other types of state-funded school in England, not all of which have to follow the National Curriculum:
•
Faith schools – Follow the National Curriculum but are associated with a particular religion. There can be supplementary admissions criteria, with applicants often having to provide evidence of regular church attendance. However, faith schools must also admit children from non-faith backgrounds if they do not fill their Published Admission Number (PAN)
• Free schools – Funded by the government but not run by the local council. This allows the schools to have more control over staff pay and conditions and the length of school terms and holidays. They are also not obliged to follow the National Curriculum. Free schools are run as not-for-pro t businesses and can be set up by charities, universities, independent schools, community and faith groups, teachers, parents or businesses
• •
City technology colleges – Found in urban areas and free to attend. They have a particular emphasis on technological and practical skills
Special schools – For children with special educational needs, such as learning difficulties or physical disabilities. Some special schools are funded by the local council, while others can be independent (fee-paying) schools
•
Boarding schools – Provide free education but charge a fee for the pupil to board. Some state boarding schools are run by the local council, while others are run as academies or free schools
Above: International School of London Left: St Lawrence College
Keep Informed |
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