that Vitamin C is most widely used, thanks to the global recognition for its immunity benefits, closely followed by vitamins D and B. Both pre- and probiotics are also finding favour, as consumers become more aware of the impact of the gut microbiota on overall heath and the effect of biotics on alleviating digestive discomfort and bloating.


Pro- and pre-biotics Probiotics are live micro-organisms, including bacteria, which have a beneficial effect on health when they are consumed in adequate amounts. As probiotics pass through the gut, they help discourage the growth of bad bacteria and support the growth of good bacteria already there. They can interact directly with both immune and gut cells, helping to strengthen the gut


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barrier, which plays an important role in allowing nutrients and water pass into the body while keeping toxins and bacteria out. Prebiotics, however, are not actually


Reformulations that incorporate health- promoting ingredients, be that prebiotic fibres or energy-boosting botanicals, must closely mimic or even enhance the eating experience


bacteria but act as a food that the good bacteria in the gut. Most often prebiotics are specific types of fibre which pass undigested to the lower gut, where they stimulate the growth or activity of good bacteria. While most prebiotics are a type of soluble


fibre, not all fibres are prebiotics. The key criteria for a prebiotic is that it can be used by the good gut bacteria and proven to confer a health benefit. Some types of fibre such as insoluble fibres found in bran, wholegrain cereals and vegetables are important for gut health because they help keep waste moving along the gut but are not really used by bacteria and therefore not


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