Feature: Displays
black, with the ability to create a proper ‘true black’. Between pixels on a direct-emission
micro-LED display is a light dome which serves to separate each pixel from bleeding into its neighbour. Te light dome occupies physical space that can also be used for a discrete IC or other micro components such as sensors. Combining mini and micro LED
technology can enhance colour and brightness of the display, leading to better image quality and component reliability, potentially surpassing the standards set by existing OLED technology.
Improved device efficiency Due to the increased number of mini or micro LED dies in the same area as a traditional LED, power consumption is more
distributed, resulting in more efficient device operation. Mini and micro LEDs can be operated at their maximum efficiency ratings instead of their maximum drive capability, as with traditional LED applications, which results in improved thermal characteristics and an overall reduction in power consumption. When it comes to manufacturing these
displays, LED technology provides several advantages, including the ability to place the mini or micro LEDs at a desired pitch, select LED components of the preferred size, and the ability to bin (sort) components at specified wavelengths. Binning the small-scale LEDs at a fixed
wavelength leads to optimal product performance in terms of luminosity, uniformity and colour temperature. A variety of LED die size configurations is a key
contributor to achieving the desired product design and performance.
Bright future Whilst mini LEDs can provide performance improvements over existing LCD backlights, micro-LED technology promises to be more progressive, offering a display technology that can compete with OLEDs, with improved brightness, deeply-saturated colours and enhanced reliability. Smaller components and their benefits –
better optical performance, reduced power consumption and lower costs – bring new possibilities for many display systems and applications. Understanding the advantages and characteristics of mini- and micro-LED technology is essential for today’s engineers and designers to create smarter, more- efficient display products and systems.
E-paper technology – ideal for low-power displays
We at Review Display Systems (RDS) also offer a range of monochrome and colour e-paper displays from display manufacturer Holitech Technology. We can support and supply a wide range of monochrome and colour e-paper display panels in sizes from 1.54-31.2 inch, with segment and dot-matrix types in a range of resolutions. Ideal for low-power applications,
e-paper displays use a bi-stable display technology where no applied power is required to maintain a display image. Te display image will be retained when all power sources are removed. An e-paper display only consumes power when its image is being changed or updated. Te internal structure of the
display includes a layer of transparent electrophoretic liquid that contains micro-capsules or micro-cups. Each micro-cup contains white and yellow particles with negative charge, and magenta and cyan with positive charge. When different voltages are applied, the different colour particles migrate to the top layer and become visible to the observer. All the colour pigments are in
each individual pixel, helping to eliminate light attenuation, and ensure paper-like readability in all lighting conditions and viewing angles. Colour mixing techniques enable a 32K colour spectrum. Bi-stable e-paper displays can help
to significantly reduce system power consumption and extend the lifetime of battery-powered products. Substantial power savings can be achieved with an e-paper display compared with an equivalent-sized TFT LCD display.
Holitech e-paper displays Holitech e-paper displays operate as reflective-mode displays, so in bright ambient light environments, the display image will appear brighter with
enhanced colour saturation. Users of e-paper displays are not subject to the same eye fatigue that can be experienced when using TFT LCDs for a prolonged time. The need for an LED backlight is eliminated, which also reduces power consumption compared to transmissive TFT LCD displays. E-paper displays consist of an ink
layer laminated to a flexible, plastic film substrate. Plastic-based e-paper displays enable the end product to be substantially lighter and thinner than products using glass-based display substrates. The use of plastic-based e-paper displays can also provide a more rugged and durable display solution, since glass-based TFTs can be susceptible to extreme shock, vibration and other physical impacts. Holitech e-paper displays can
be used in many innovative and unique applications, including battery-powered devices, handheld equipment, wearables, medical systems, retail displays, IoT devices and more.
52 July/August 2023
www.electronicsworld.co.uk
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