Feature: Displays
Mini LED – enhanced backlight performance Mini LED is a backlight technology that offers enhanced optical performance with many dimming zones and improved backlight control on next-generation TFT displays. Mini LEDs are smaller than the average LED, with diodes measuring about 200µm – a fiſth the size of a standard LED. Te smaller size means that more LEDs can be packed into the same area, allowing a full array backlight to boast thousands of LEDs, offering many discrete dimming zones.
Polariser Glass Substrate Colour Filter Liquid Crystal Solution Glass Substrate Polariser Backlight Module
Local dimming is a feature of LED TFT LCD, OLED and Micro LED Technology Comparison
backlit displays that enables a backlight to be dimmed in selected regions of the active display area. Even with thousands of individual dies, mini and micro LED backlights have unique, individual die control. Controlling each dimming region individually gives improved optical performance by enhancing the contrast ratio by producing darker black image elements. Existing micro-LED displays typically
offer about 4000 dimming zones, mini-LED about 400, while a standard TFT display with
TFT LCD
Applying an electric field to the liquid crystal molecules between the electrodes allows light to pass through the LC cell from the backlight. Internal red, green and blue colour filters are used to create individual colour pixels.
a traditional edge-lit LED backlight has only one dimming zone.
Optical performance advantage Mini- and micro-LED displays have many more individual components than conventional LCD displays. Direct emission micro-LED display technology improves optical performance in terms of high luminous efficiency, increased brightness, enhanced contrast ratios and faster response times. Black levels are also enhanced, with defined zones of the display image now appearing completely
Polariser
Encapsulation Electrode
EIL/ETL Organic Light-emitting Layer HTL/HIL Electrode Substrate
OLED
Applying an electric current to an organic thin film, an OLED can emit red, green and blue light. Colour saturation can be more vivid than TFT LCD displays.
Film or Glass RGB Micro LED
Comparison of TFT LCD, OLED and micro- LED technologies
Electrode Substrate
Micro LED
Micro LED features miniature LED arrays. Each micro LED functions as a discrete pixel and can be discretely driven to emit light providing enhanced image quality and response speed.
www.electronicsworld.co.uk July/August 2023 51
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