ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
FEATURE MI FILTERS IN BESS DESIGN Selecting the right
Fig.2: EMI & EMC Effects on Battery Storage Devices
2. Proper Grounding and Bonding: Ensure proper grounding of shielded enclosures and components and bond system parts to reduce EMI radiation.
3. Ferrite Beads and EMI Filters: Install ferrite beads on power cables and signal lines to suppress high-frequency noise; use EMI filters to attenuate emissions.
4. Electromagnetic Shielding of Sensitive Components: Shield sensitive components like communication lines, sensors and BMS using shielded cables or small shields to protect from radiated EMI.
Mitigation Techniques for Conducted Emissions (CE) Conducted Emissions are electromagnetic energy travelling through power or signal lines, potentially interfering with systems on the same network or power grid. The following techniques can help reduce conducted emissions in BESS. 1. Grounding and Shielding: Implement proper grounding and use shielded cables for power and signal lines to reduce noise interference.
2. Twisted Pair Wires: Use twisted-pair wires for signal transmission to cancel induced EMI, improving noise immunity and reducing interference between conductors. 3. PCB Design: Proper PCB layout minimises noise; use separate ground planes for analogue, digital, and power circuits to prevent coupling.
4. Reducing Switching Noise: Use snubber circuits and soft-switching techniques in power supplies to reduce high-frequency noise during switching. 5. Use of EMI-Rated Connectors and Cables: Use connectors and cables with built-in shielding and grounding, ensuring they are rated for the relevant frequency range to minimise EMI.
6. Power Line Filtering: Install power line filters, like pi-filters or LC filters, on input and output lines to block high-frequency noise using inductors and capacitors for wide-frequency attenuation.
EMI FILTER SOLUTIONS EMI filters are essential for ensuring Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and regulatory compliance in Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS).
JULY/AUGUST 2025 DESIGN SOLUTIONS 51
EMI filters for Battery Energy Storage Systems is a key aspect of ensuring reliable, safe and compliant operation. By considering factors like frequency range, current and voltage ratings, noise source identification, environmental conditions, and compliance with EMC standards, you can choose filters that protect your system from interference, enhance
performance, and extend component longevity.
EMI Filter Placement in BESS: • The EMI filter should be placed as close as possible to the interference source or affected circuit to minimise EMI path length and improve effectiveness. Typically, filters are installed on power input lines (AC/DC) to filter conducted and radiated interference. Correct installation minimises loop areas, preventing EMI radiation from large loops. • By ensuring good isolation between the input and output of the EMI filter, you can achieve effective EMI suppression, protect sensitive equipment, and maintain system performance. By strategically placing EMI filters in below mentioned key locations within a BESS, the system can operate efficiently, complying with EMC regulations and avoiding interference with sensitive electronics. 1. AC Power Input: Place EMI filters between the AC power source and the inverter to block noise from external power supplies.
2. AC Power Output: Install filters on the inverter’s AC output to reduce noise being emitted to the grid or connected load. 3. DC Side (Battery and DC-DC Converters): Position filters between the battery and the DC-DC converter and also on the DC-DC converter output to prevent conducted EMI from propagating. 4. Communication Lines: Add EMI filters on the communication lines between control systems, BMS, and external devices to prevent signal degradation.
5. DC Bus: Install filters on the DC bus between the battery and the inverter to suppress high- frequency noise from switching processes. The use of EMI filters in Battery Energy
Storage Systems (BESS) provides several benefits that help mitigate the negative impacts of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and improve the overall performance, safety and reliability of the system. Fig.3 shows the Effect of Implementing EMI Filters in Battery Energy Storage Systems.
BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM EMC STANDARDS: 1. IEC 61000: The IEC 61000 series is the most widely used set of EMC standards globally, covering emissions and immunity criteria for electrical devices, including battery storage systems. IEC 61000-6-3: Generic Emission Standard
for Residential, Commercial, and Light- Industrial Environments. • This standard defines maximum emission
limits for electromagnetic interference from equipment, including BSS, in residential and commercial settings.
IEC 61000-6-4: Generic Emission Standard
for Industrial Environments. • This standard sets allowable emission
limits for equipment in industrial environments, where tolerance to EMI is higher than residential/commercial.
2. IEC 62109: The IEC 62109 series focuses on safety criteria for power converters in photovoltaic (PV) systems, integrated with battery storage. It includes EMC requirements to ensure proper functioning of energy conversion equipment in PV and BSS applications. IEC 62109-1: Covers safety and EMC aspects
of electrical equipment in renewable energy systems, including BSS, minimising EMC issues.
3. IEC 61727: This standard sets EMC requirements for grid compatibility, limiting emissions, ensuring immunity to disturbances, and guiding PV and battery storage grid connections.
EMI Solutions (EMIS):
https://emisglobal.com
Fig.3: Impact of Using EMI Filter in Battery Energy Storage Systems
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