FEATURE
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS THE CRITICAL ROLE OF EM
storage supports renewable energy use, decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and aiding in the decarbonisation of the energy grid.
EMC ISSUES 1. Conducted Emissions: Battery systems connected to the grid can generate electromagnetic signals, potentially interfering with connected devices. Reducing emissions is challenging with poorly insulated cables or inadequate grounding. 2. Radiated Emissions: Unshielded cables, exposed parts or poorly constructed enclosures emit electromagnetic fields (EMF), potentially interfering with sensitive equipment and degrading performance in energy systems.
3. Distortion and Harmonics: Harmonics, generated by power electronics in BSS, can distort power quality and affect both internal components and connected devices.
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are essential for contemporary energy systems, however these face EMC and EMI issues.
Prashanth G, application engineer at EMIS, examines the mitigation techniques and explains why EMI filters are essential for ensuring Electromagnetic Compatibility and regulatory compliance in BESS
SOURCES OF EMI IN THE BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM: 1. Power Electronics: Inverters using pulse- width modulation (PWM) to convert DC to AC emit high-frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI). DC-DC converters, controlling battery charging and discharging, also produce conducted and radiated emissions at switching frequencies. 2. Magnetic Fields from High-Current Conductors: High-current conductors in BSS can emit magnetic fields, disrupting sensitive components like control electronics, communication systems and nearby sensors.
3. Battery Cells: Battery charging and draining can create transient voltages and currents, potentially causing electromagnetic interference (EMI) if not properly managed. Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) have significant impacts on Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). These effects can range from degraded performance to system failure. Fig 2. Ilustrates the impacts that may arise on Battery Energy Storage Systems as a result of EMI/EMC.
Fig.1: Block Diagram of a Battery Energy Storage System D
esigned to store energy during low demand or excess generation, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are increasingly
being integrated within renewable sources such as solar and wind power to stabilise their variability. These consist of three main parts: batteries, a power conversion system (PCS), and a control unit – the Battery Management system. The increasing need for dependable,
flexible and sustainable energy solutions has made Battery Energy Storage systems (BESS) an essential part of contemporary energy systems. Some key reasons for their increased deployment include:
• Intermittency of Renewables: Solar and wind energy are intermittent. Battery storage can store excess energy for use during low- generation times, ensuring a stable and reliable power supply. • Backup Power: Battery storage ensures backup power during natural disasters or system failures.
• Grid Balancing: Battery storage stabilises the grid by responding to demand-supply fluctuations. Battery storage also helps maintain consistent grid frequency, preventing instability or blackouts. • Reducing Dependency on Fossil Fuels: Battery
50 DESIGN SOLUTIONS JULY/AUGUST 2025
EMC AND EMI MITIGATION TECHNIQUES In Battery Energy Storage Systems, Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) are crucial in electronics. The goal is to reduce EMI effects while ensuring devices meet acceptable EMC limits using various mitigation techniques for Radiated and Conducted Emissions.
Mitigation Techniques for Radiated Emissions (RE) Radiated Emissions are electromagnetic energy emitted from a device, spreading through the air and causing interference with nearby devices. Effective mitigation techniques for radiated emissions in BESS include: 1. Enclosure Shielding: Use metallic enclosures, proper grounding, and shielding fabrics to prevent EMI and protect against radiation.
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