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Test & measurement


Putting engines through their paces


FPT Motorenforschung AG is based in the Swiss town of Arbon and develops engines destined for the vehicles and machinery of CNH Industrial’s Powertrain segment. Some 220 staff work on site to create new FPT products for commercial vehicles, construction equipment and agricultural machinery and for use in industrial and marine applications. The engines are put through their paces on a total of 30 test benches. To measure their efficiency, FPT Motorenforschung uses tools such as the Series M5 pressure transmitters from KELLER


power density, low fuel consumption, a long service life and maximum reliability. An engine’s efficiency depends largely on the extent to which the flow of air into the combustion chamber and that of the exhaust gases back out again are unimpeded. The pressure here will be under 10 bar. The main priority is to get extremely accurate and highly dynamic measurements using absolute sensors. KELLER developed its M5 series to meet these specific engine testing requirements and several of these devices are used at various places on the engine during tests. To obtain a reliable analysis of pressure conditions and losses, it is important to take measurements as close as possible to the individual cylinders on the inlet side. The varying geometry of the intake manifold poses an additional challenge as it means that each


F


cylinder is supplied with a different


PT Motorenforschung’s development work focuses primarily on reducing exhaust emissions and achieving a high


amount of air, something that has to be avoided as much as possible. On the outlet side, too, the combustion gases in the individual cylinders can cause unwanted interactions between pressure surges or pulses. The pressure sensors measure these processes on the inlet and outlet sides locally and with a high level of phase fidelity. When testing engines, it is important for the sensors not to be sensitive to structure- borne noise as the sounds and vibrations from the engine cannot be allowed to interfere with the measurements.The measuring slot should be sealable with a plug once measurements have been taken and should be as resistant as possible to air flows. This application can also lead to compensating currents of up to 40 A being generated by the engine battery – these must not be allowed to influence the sensor. These requirements were met in full when the M5 sensor was developed. Other characteristics of the pressure transmitter also give it an edge in this specific field of use: no bonding wires are needed in the vicinity of the medium, while there are also no connectors between the sensor and the electronic system. This removes any additional contact resistances and sources of faults. The cable gland is hermetically sealed (IP67) to minimise external influences on the cable. Most of the electronic system is fitted externally, enabling it to be positioned in a noise-free area.


THE M5 SERIES – ULTRA-FAST MINIATURE PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS The pressure sensors in the M5 HB series deliver extremely fast and precise


54 June 2020 Instrumentation Monthly


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