Methodology for PCF Calculations of Lubricants, Greases and other Specialties
4 Life Cycle Impact Assessment for PCF calculation
In the process of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), all elementary flows are transformed into the environmental impact category of climate change by multiplying the elementary flows with the 100-year global warming potential (GWP 100) characterization factors. The most recent characterization factors of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) shall be employed for the calculation of the product carbon footprint (PCF). Currently, the latest values available GWP 100 characterization factors are based on PCC’s Si th Assessment Report (AR6). The characterization factors shall be extracted from Table 7.15 of Section 7 of the IPCC AR6 Climate Change 2021 Physical Science Basis. For substances that are not listed in Table 7.15, the characterization factors shall be extracted from Table
7.SM.7 in Section 7 Supplementary Materials of the AR6 Climate Change 2021 Physical Science Basis.
The outcome of the elementary flow conversion generates the PCF result, expressed in kg CO2-equivalent per declared unit, representing all greenhouse gas emissions and removals throughout a product's considered life cycle stages. It should be noted that this methodology evaluates the life cycle stages of a lubricant manufacturer's products in a cradle-to-(outbound)-gate product system, resulting in a partial PCF.
According to ISO 14067:2018, partial PCFs shall take into account fossil and biogenic GHGemissions and removals, as well as GHGemissions and removals from direct land use change (dLUC) and aircraft GHG emissions. The aircraft GHG emissions may be neglected due to the minor significance of aircraft transportation in the value chain of lubricants or other specialities and therefore, the minor significance of aircraft GHG emissions to the total partial PCF. Furthermore, all summands shall be reported separately in the final report and not only the partial PCF. Consequently, the partial PCF result according to this methodology is summarized in the following Equation:
Sum of PCFpartial = PCFpartial,fossil+ PCFpartial,biogenic + PCFpartial,dLUC
• PCFpartial,fossil including only fossil GHG emissions/removals in kgCO2e/kg lubricant or other speciality.
• PCFpartial,biogenic including only biogenic GHG emissions/removals in kg CO2e /kg lubricant or other speciality.
• PCFpartial,dLUC including only GHG emissions/removals occurring as a result of direct land use change (dLUC) in kg CO2e/kg lubricant or other speciality.
According to ISO 14067:2018, the following characterization factors shall be applied to consider sources and sinks of biogenic and direct land use change GHG emissions:
• -1 kg CO2eq./kg CO2 for biogenic CO2 uptake • +1 kg CO2eq./kg CO2 for biogenic CO2 emissions • -1 kg CO2eq./kg CO2 for CO2 stored in biomass stock or soil • +1 kg CO2eq./kg CO2 for CO2 released from biomass stock or soil
Version 1.2, 15.10.2025 © ATIEL and UEIL Page 28 of 40 This document is a controlled document only in electronic form. Printed versions or copies are not subject to change service
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