AS PHARMACISTS, WE PLAY A PIVOTAL ROLE IN PROMOTING SUN SAFETY EDUCATING PATIENTS ABOUT THE DANGERS OF EXCESSIVE SUN


Other risks • Sunburn: The most common harmful effect of too much sunlight. Symptoms of a sunburn include redness, swelling, pain or tenderness and blisters. Sunburn can increase the risk of skin cancer and premature aging.


• Dehydration: Excess sun exposure can cause the body to lose fluids and electrolytes, which can interfere with the normal functioning of organs and systems. Symptoms of dehydration include thirst, dry mouth, headache, fatigue, dizziness and confusion.


• Hyponatremia: A condition where the sodium level in the blood becomes too low due to excessive water intake or loss. This can occur when people drink too much water to cope with the heat or sweat excessively. Symptoms of hyponatremia include nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, seizures and coma.


• Heat exhaustion: A condition where the body overheats due to high temperatures and humidity. Symptoms of heat exhaustion include heavy sweating, rapid pulse, weakness, faintness, muscle cramps, nausea and vomiting. Heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke if not treated quickly.


• Heat stroke: A medical emergency where the body temperature rises above 40°C (104°F) and the body’s cooling system fails. Symptoms of heat stroke include dry skin, rapid pulse, confusion, agitation, hallucinations, seizures and coma. Heat stroke can cause organ damage, brain injury or death if not treated immediately.


Protective measures When advising patients about sun safety, pharmacists can emphasize the importance of adopting protective measures to minimize sun- related risks:


• Use sunscreen: Recommend using a broad- spectrum sunscreen with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of at least 30. Sunscreen should be applied generously and reapplied every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating.


• Wear protective clothing: Encourage patients to wear long-sleeved shirts, wide-brimmed hats, and sunglasses with UV protection to shield their skin and eyes from direct sunlight.


• Seek shade: Advise individuals to seek shade during the peak hours of sun exposure, typically between 11am and 3pm, when UV rays are the strongest.


• Stay hydrated: Remind patients that staying hydrated is essential, especially in warm and sunny environments. Dehydration can exacerbate the negative effects of sun exposure.


• Avoid tanning beds: Warn against the use of tanning beds, as they emit concentrated UV rays that can significantly increase the risk of skin cancer.


Medications and sun sensitivity Certain medications can increase sensitivity to the sun, a condition known as photosensitivity. Common medications that can cause this reaction include certain antibiotics, anti- inflammatory drugs, diuretics, and acne treatments. Pharmacists can educate patients about the potential side effects of these medications and advise them to take extra precautions when spending time in the sun.


Pharmacy's role in sun safety education Pharmacists are well-positioned to educate patients about the dangers of excessive sun exposure and the importance of proper sun protection. Here are some ways pharmacies can actively contribute:


• Educational material: Display informational posters and brochures about sun safety in visible areas of the pharmacy to raise awareness among customers.


• One-on-one consultations: Provide personalized advice to patients about sun protection, taking into consideration their skin type, medications, and planned outdoor activities.


• Medication reviews: Conduct medication reviews to identify patients who are taking medications that increase sun sensitivity. Offer alternatives if available or advise patients on sun safety measures to minimize risks.


For people seeking solace in sunny destinations this autumn, it's crucial to remember that responsible sun exposure is key to preventing health risks. As pharmacists, we play a pivotal role in promoting sun safety, educating patients about the dangers of excessive sun exposure, and providing essential advice on sun protection measures and medications.


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