IMAGES An image is magnified if its height is greater than that of the object.
An image is diminished if its height is less than that of the object. An image is inverted when it is upside down. An image is erect when it is the same side up.
An image is laterally inverted when right side of the object is on the left side of the image and vice versa.
Laws of Reflection LAWS AND PRINCIPLES
Incident ray Normal
Reflected ray
Laws of Reflection Law 1 The incident ray, normal and the reflected ray are all in the same plane.1 Law 2 The angle of reflection (r) is equal to the angle of incidence (i). i = r.
Real and virtual images
REAL IMAGES A real image is the actual intersection of light rays.
It is always inverted, and is formed in front of the mirror.
VIRTUAL IMAGES A virtual image is the apparent intersection of light rays.
It is always erect, and is formed behind the mirror. Reflection of Light from Plane
Mirrors A plane mirror is another name for a flat mirror. Images from plane mirrors are always virtual, laterally inverted, the same size as object, as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it
(u = v) . 1A plane is a two-dimensional (flat) surface.
Point of Incidence
Angle of incidence i
Angle of reflection
r Plane mirror Fig 12.4: Laws of reflection, Law 2
