21ST-CENTURY DESIGN
keen to push this further. There were significant constraints in the ground, typically for a previously developed site, which we felt could be tackled more efficiently using 3D design technology. We started by modelling key parts of the existing drainage. There was an existing foul drain that ran at about a 5 m depth diagonally across the site and served other parts of the hospital, so could not be abandoned; its depth was such that it was impractical to divert it. Using survey information, we were able to model this pipe in 3D, and include it in the structural model, which simplified the process of modelling and coordinating the foundations around it. We really, however (excuse the unintended pun) broke new ground with two other challenges presented to us – the routing of a new fibre optic cable, and an underground service trench routed through an area congested with existing drainage.
Fibre optic cable
The existing telecoms cable ran across our site close to the fracture clinic which the new therapies building was going to abut. The RUH masterplan required the cable to be renewed before construction work started on Therapies, but this presented a significant construction risk. An alternative route was found around the new building, which gave rise to another challenge – because this area was fairly congested with services and tree root protection zones. To compound matters, the hospital needed to include new surface water drainage and HV cable diversions within this enabling package. This package of work was to be carried out by a different contractor, and within a tight timescale. Accurate, detailed information had to be given to the contractor to allow it to rapidly understand and execute the project. It was essential that the coordination happened in the design office, rather than on site.
Detailed modelling
While not the usual role of a civil and structural engineer, the RUH asked for our assistance in a coordinating role. We modelled each existing pipe and cable with its actual diameter, plan position and depth, taken from the topographical and buried services surveys. New services information was provided by the associated specialists, and root protection zones were added to the plans. No special or additional information was needed. Where we were getting near to the new Therapies Building, we referenced in our model, and even modelled the boundary walls, to assist in party wall matters. Manholes were modelled to the correct size and depth and setting out. It was even possible to model trenches to see
102 Health Estate Journal October 2019 Doyouwant to be‘virtually enabled’?
In pushing the boundaries of 3D technology and modelling we have learned several valuable lessons in order to maximise efficiency and value: n It is essential for all designers to use the same 3D modelling software, including contractors, such as the MEP sub-contractor, for seamless coordination.
n The coordinating role is becoming more distributed across disciplines now, and is no longer purely the preserve of the architect.
n Design meetings can be focused around the 3D model on the screen, which enables a real-time interactive approach to stakeholder engagement. This works particularly well when assessing accessibility for CDM.
n A 3D model is far easier to understand for people not familiar with construction drawings, and thus gives a real impetus for early engagement, as well as preventing costly redesign later in the design process.
n Projects can be built ‘virtually’ before starting on site, which reduces the risk of programme delays and cost uncertainty.
Daniel Barnett, of the RUH Estates Capital Projects Team, said: “3D modelling was highly effective in co-ordinating the enabling works. It gave reassurance that existing constraints in the ground and future building elements – including a service trench – had been considered, which allowed the civils contractor to sequence the works safely on a busy hospital site. The BT duct diversion was a critical item which – if not done correctly – would have had a major operational impact on the A&E Department and wider hospital. Fundamentally, 3D modelling helps us carry out due diligence and reduce operational risk.”
The dispensing robot in place.
The dispensing robot in action.
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