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Jan Speerstra expects a lot from feeding cattle based on which specific amino and fatty acids they need. “We’re not yet ready for this in the Netherlands. In the United States, however, they’ve been working with this system for some time.”


communication manager, ruminants at ForFarmers. He em- phasises that a protein surplus in the cow’s rumen, especially from that derived fresh grass and grass silage, represents the biggest nitrogen loss. “A proper rumen function and a proper coordination of energy and protein in the rumen is the main priority for high nitrogen use. Make sure you have a proper combination of roughage, by-products and additional con- centrates, so that the total ration fits the cows’ needs and pro- tein from roughage and regular feed is optimally used.” Meijer also thinks that it’s wise to feed additional forage maize in ra- tions that are rich in grass and that feed additives may contribute to improving nitrogen use. ForFarmers sees practical potential for its scientific research on additives. Meijer does not want to say which ones. “We test the effect of additives under Dutch circumstances,” he says. “Specific buffers, yeasts and B vitamins can further im- prove rumen fermentation, because they stimulate bacteria that break down cell walls. These bacteria in particular cap- ture much of the protein surplus from grass silage and thus considerably improve protein use.”


Table 2 – Steps in lowering the crude protein content of dairy cattle.


The measures mentioned help to reduce ammonia emissions. Steps 0


Measures CP g/kg/DM


Optimization RDP


Optimization Degraded protein balance synchronization protein and carbohydrate digestible amino acids glucogenic nutrients individual feeding Additives


Effects of measures milk urea (mg/dl)


expected N efficiency


feed intake and milk production **) expected NH3 reduction


<25


<25% 0 0


>175 1


160 x x


2


150 x x x x x


(x) 20


30% 0


-10% (x) 17


33% -5%


-15%


Source: Schothorst Feed Research The crosses indicate which ration adjustments are important per step and what the effect is.


▶ ALL ABOUT FEED | Volume 29, No. 1, 2021 9 3


145 x x x x x x


(x)


<14 35%


-10% -17%


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