CLINICAL ISSUES :: DIABETES
Diabetes cases continue to rise from SARS-CoV-2 complications
By Kristine Russell A
ccording to a number of studies regarding the effect of SARS- CoV-2 and diabetes, data shows that
people with diabetes are not more prone to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID infections, but if they develop an infection, the disease is much more severe and seems to progress quicker. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 infections
are associated with the worsening of diabetes symptoms, and persons with diabetes are at increased risk for severe COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection might also induce newly diagnosed diabetes, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). According to a report from Mayo
Clinic, people with diabetes have more inflammation in their body. Therefore, with COVID, that inflammatory state gets worse much more quickly. People with diabetes also may be more prone to having problems with their circulatory
40 JUNE 2022
MLO-ONLINE.COM
systems. It also appears to happen with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and both seem to be prone to more severe disease. However, Type 1 patients may have bet- ter outcomes because they are younger.1
Risk of diabetes after COVID In the report from the CDC, Risk for Newly Diagnosed Diabetes >30 Days After SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Persons Aged <18 Years — United States, March 1, 2020–June 28, 2021 ,2
published in
January 2022, persons aged less than 18 years with COVID-19, were 116%, according to data from IQVIA (a database of adjudicated healthcare claims from closed U.S. health plans used to provide a complete view of patient care across all care setting), more likely to receive a new diabetes diagnosis 30 days after infection than were those without COVID-19 and those with pre-pandemic acute respira- tory infections. The report also indicated
that non-COVID respiratory infections were not associated with an increased risk for diabetes. The observed association between
diabetes and COVID-19 might be attributed to the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on organ systems involved in diabetes risk. COVID-19 might lead to diabetes through direct attack of pan- creatic cells expressing angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptors; through stress hyperglycemia resulting from the cytokine storm and alterations in glucose metabolism caused by infection; or through precipitation of prediabetes to diabetes.10 A percentage of these new diabetes
cases likely occurred in persons with prediabetes, which occurs in one in five adolescents in the United States. Steroid treatment during hospitalization might lead to transient hyperglycemia; how- ever, only 1.5% – 2.2% of diabetes codes
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