31


chromatography using state-of-the-art instruments’, J. Chromatogr. A, 1314 (2013) 288-297.


4. S. Delahaye, K. Broeckhoven, G. Desmet, F. Lynen, ‘Design and evaluation of various methods for the construction of kinetic performance limit plots for supercritical fl uid chromatography’, J. Chromatogr. A, 1258 (2012) 152-160.


Figure 6. Average viscosity vs density in a 4.6x150mm column packed with 5µm RX-Sil at 3 BPR pressures between 5% and 40% methanol. 2mL/min, 40°C.


References


1. A. Tarafder, G. Guiochon, ‘Use of isopycnic plots in designing operations of supercritical fl uid chromatography: I. The critical role of density in determining the characteristics of the mobile phase in supercritical fl uid chromatography’, J. Chromatogr. A, 1218 (2011) 4569–4575.


2. E. Lesellier, L. Fougere, D.P. Poe, ‘Kinetic behavior in supercritical fl uid chromatography with modifi ed mobile phase for 5µm particle size and varied fl ow rates’, J. Chromatogr.A, 1218 (2011) 2058-2064.


3. A. Grand-Guillaume Perrenoud, C. Hamman, M. Goel, Jean-Luc Veuthey, D. Guillarme, S. Fekete, ‘“Maximizing kinetic performance in supercritical fl uid


5. A. Tarafder, K. Kaczmarski, D. P. Poe, G. Guiochon, ‘Use of the isopycnic plots in designing operations of supercritical fl uid chromatography. V. Pressure and density drops using mixtures of carbon dioxide and methanol as the mobile phase’, J. Chromatogr. A, 1258 (2012) 136–151.


6. T.A. Berger, J. F. Deye, “Composition and Density Effects Using Methanol/Carbon Dioxide in Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography” Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 1181-1185.


7. T.A. Berger, ‘Density of Methanol-Carbon Dioxide Mixtures at Three Temperatures’, J. High Resolut. Chromatogr., 1991, 14, 312-316.


8. E.W. Lemmon, M.L. Huber, M.O. McLinden, NIST Reference Database 23: Ref-erence Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties REFPROP, Version 9.1,National Institute of Standards and Technology, Standard Reference Data Program, Gaithersburg, MD, 2013.


9. O. Kunz, R. Klimeck, W. Wagner, M. Jaeschke, ‘The GERG-2004 Wide-Range Equation of State for Natural Gases


and Other Mixtures GERG Technical Monograph’. Fortschr.-Ber. VDI, VDI- Verlag, Düsseldorf (2007)


10. O. Kunz, W. Wagner, ‘The GERG-2008 wide-range equation of state for natural gases and other mixtures: an expansion of GERG-2004’, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 57 (11) (2012), pp. 3032-3091.


11. T.A. Berger, ‘Effect of density on kinetic performance in supercritical fl uid chromatography with methanol modifi ed carbon dioxide’, Chromatogr. A, 1564, 2018, 188-198.


12. A. Tarafder, G. Guiochon, ‘Use of isopycnic plots in designing operations of supercritical fl uid chromatography: II. The isopycnic plots and the selection of the operating pressure–temperature zone in supercritical fl uid chromatography’, J. Chromatogr., A, 1218 (2011) 4576– 4585.


13.] A. Tarafder, G. Guiochon, ‘Use of isopycnic plots in designing operations of supercritical fl uid chromatography. III: Reason for the low column effi ciency in the critical region’, J. Chromatogr A, 1218 (2011) 7189–7195.


14. R. Sih, F. Dehghani, N. R. Foster, ‘Viscosity measurements on gas expanded liquid systems-Methanol and carbon dioxide’, J. Supercrit. Fluids, 41, 2007, 148-157.


15. H. Matsuda, K. Kurihara, K. Tochigi, T. Funazukuri, V.K. Rattan, ‘Estimation of kinematic viscosities for CO2 expanded liquids by ASOG-VISCO model’, Fluid Phase Equilibria 470 (2018) 188-192.


Latest DryLab®


Software Functionalities Showcasing at Pittcon 2019


Pittcon is one of North America’s largest annual conferences and expositions on laboratory science and this year will take place from 17-21 March at the Pennsylvania Convention Center in Philadelphia, PA.


The Molnár-Institute team, headed by Dr Imre Molnár, will present the latest applications of the DryLab® chromatographic separations at booth 3201.


software in modelling liquid


As part of the software’s new systematic design capabilities, the automation module can create method sets in the most efficient order, execute runs and acquire results from the respective Chromatographic Data System (CDS). Mass and other integrated data is retrieved to minimise ambiguity in peak tracking. Automated zoom algorithm presents clear-cut chromatograms while a peak alignment option allows peak movement to be identified across varying method conditions.


Further instrument parameters have been added to DryLab’s Robustness module, allowing for an even better assessment of method pitfalls in routine use. Understanding these at the earliest possible stage both enhances risk management and allows redemption of methods that would turn out to be less-than-optimal at later stages in the analytical life cycle.


The Knowledge Management Documentation tool now features a set of project information windows allowing the operator to define statements as templates for all areas of Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD), allowing knowledge-transfer to related projects.


Stop by booth 3201 and get a live demonstration. More information online: ilmt.co/PL/BYZe


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