Analytical Instrumentation 7
methods. Further a comparison to the GC based method ISO 9377-2 by the Norwegian oil company Statoil ASA confirmed the good correlation between the methods.
The reliable and easy-to-use ERACHECK method helps customers to establish benchmark process control in various fields of application. An overview is given in Table II.
.
upstream oil recovery
efficiency enhancement of process chemicals (e.g. emulsifier/demulsifier)
evaluation of equipment (filters, hydrocyclones, flotation, etc.)
testing of novel separation techniques
reinjection water control (injectivity analysis)
Table II: ERACHECK fields of application Easy Clean-Up Figure 2: Method comparison using sewage water after purification (OMV flood facilities, Austria).
ERACHECK is designed for use in the petrochemical industry to evaluate and address water treatment issues, which results in significant operational and capital cost savings and relevant improvements in terms of process flow and regulatory compliance. Examples of considerable customer benefits include optimisation of process chemical usage, reduction of the reinjection pressure and in-time corrective action for scaling and corrosion.
Depending on the method applied, clean-up procedures have to be performed after extraction and before the measurement due to polar substances, which are often referred to as "grease". This time-consuming sample preparation step involves the preparation and cleaning of equipment (e.g. columns, separating funnels, etc.) and might lack of reproducibility.
To circumvent these difficulties a simple, automated cleanup procedure has been developed by QuantaRed Technologies for the use with ERACHECK. Ready-made solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges are directly plugged to the instrument’s sample inlet port and connected with the inlet tubing. With an embedded pump, ERACHECK automatically primes the cartridge, performs the solid phase extraction, rinses the measurement cell and starts the measurement. Afterwards the cartridge is unplugged and disposed. Clear instructions are given on the large colour touch-screen during the whole measurement procedure. The use of cartridges with ERACHECK is optional. The cartridges simplify and speed-up the clean- up procedure while maximising reproducibility and applicability of oil-in- water analysis. The use of TPH cartridges is in full compliance with ASTM D7678-11.
Figure 4: Na2SO4/Florisil cartridge for ERACHECK. Conclusion Figure 3: ERACHECK – a portable and rugged oil-in-water analyzer
Being of highest applicability, speed and ease of use, the launch of ASTM D7678-11 paves the way for bringing the infrared method back to CFC-free oil-in-water analysis. The method is fast, accurate and can be performed on-site by using the ERACHECK oil-in-water analyser from Eralytics. Ready-made SPE cartridges in full compliance with standard ASTM D7678 simplify and speed-up the clean-up procedure while maximising reproducibility. The excellent correlation to reference methods DIN 38409-H18 (Freon® has been verified by OMV and Statoil ASA.
downstream process water monitoring
step-by-step optimisation of the water separation process (onshore/offshore) analysis of oil contaminants
water reuse testing
-based infrared) and ISO 9377-2 (gas chromatography)
Reliable Pulp Viscosity Verification
Cannon Instrument Company (USA) have unveiled the latest addition to their line of specialised automated viscometers, the PulpVIS. Designed specifically with operational simplicity in mind, the PulpVIS provides quick and reliable Pulp viscosity results with a touch
of your finger. This portable and rugged viscometer is ideal for any site that needs laboratory quality viscosity measurements. Everything is included to get started – all you need to provide are sample and cleaning solvent.
PulpVIS features include As much as 5X Faster than Manual Technologies, Low Cost of Ownership for Automated Pulp Viscosity System, True Pulp Viscosity Measurement: per Tappi T230/PAPTAC G.24P, Automatic Sample Flow Time Measurement and KinVIS Calculation, Automatic Tube Cleaning, Reliable: Only 2 Moving Internal Parts, Easy To Use: Graphical Touch Screen w/ optional printer and Small Sample Volume: 0.5 Ml
This product is a complement to Cannon’s existing line of fully-automated and semi-automated intrinsic viscosity measurement products.
Reader Reply Card No 24
DR 10 Automated Heater Tube Deposit Rater for Aviation Turbine Fuels
The Jet Fuel Thermal Oxidation Test (JFTOT) from AD Systems (France) ASTM D3241 is used universally by the Aviation Industry to measure the high temperature stability of aviation turbine fuels. ASTM D3241 is a requirement on every batch of jet fuel produced according to ASTM D1655 or DEF STAN 91- 91 specification.
In this test method, the fuel is pumped through a heater tube at a fixed flow rate over a specified period of time. The fuel is rated Pass or Fail according to the amount of deposit formed on the heater tube at a specified temperature. Traditionally, the amount of deposit on the tube is rated visually against a reference colour scale. Rating deposits properly against a colour scale requires significant experience and expertise. Operator capabilities vary, therefore evaluation of colour is quite subjective. Many articles have been published on the fact that colour does not provide real information regarding the thickness and volume of deposits, parameters which are far more meaningful for characterising jet fuels for users and suppliers. The aviation fuel industry found that one of the most crucial stages of this test method is an objective analysis of deposit produced on the heater tube.
A new instrumental method of quantitative measurement of tube deposits has been developed. The thickness of the deposit is accurately determined by an automatic instrument eliminating test subjectivity. The innovative instrument uses an interferometry technique for precise measurement of deposit thickness in nanometers. The operation is based on a powerful light source, a spectrometer with fibre optic probe, and specially designed application software. Precise thickness measurements are taken at 1,200 points along and around the tube surface. A detailed test report is ready in less than 15 minutes.
The new method has been recently evaluated with an extensive inter-laboratory study. Over 115 different tubes were tested with 11 different instruments. A new IP method was written and approved, the IP 597.
During the last ASTM Meeting held in June 2012, the Subcommittee J03 voted to accept inclusion of this technique as an Appendix in the current ASTM D3241. The modified method should be balloted in the fall of 2012.
Reader Reply Card No 25 Annual Buyers’ Guide 2013 •
www.petro-online.com
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56 |
Page 57 |
Page 58 |
Page 59 |
Page 60 |
Page 61 |
Page 62 |
Page 63 |
Page 64 |
Page 65 |
Page 66 |
Page 67 |
Page 68 |
Page 69 |
Page 70 |
Page 71 |
Page 72 |
Page 73 |
Page 74 |
Page 75 |
Page 76 |
Page 77 |
Page 78 |
Page 79 |
Page 80 |
Page 81 |
Page 82 |
Page 83 |
Page 84 |
Page 85 |
Page 86 |
Page 87 |
Page 88 |
Page 89 |
Page 90 |
Page 91 |
Page 92 |
Page 93 |
Page 94 |
Page 95 |
Page 96 |
Page 97 |
Page 98 |
Page 99 |
Page 100 |
Page 101 |
Page 102 |
Page 103 |
Page 104
