search.noResults

search.searching

dataCollection.invalidEmail
note.createNoteMessage

search.noResults

search.searching

orderForm.title

orderForm.productCode
orderForm.description
orderForm.quantity
orderForm.itemPrice
orderForm.price
orderForm.totalPrice
orderForm.deliveryDetails.billingAddress
orderForm.deliveryDetails.deliveryAddress
orderForm.noItems
Carmichael’s Concise Review


iridescent scales have parallel grating structures on each individual scale. The gratings were more regularly spaced on the scales of M. robinsoni ( Figure 1b ). It is probably not a coincidence that the iridescence is more intense on this species. TEM of the transverse section of the iridescent scales revealed a complex structure that had the profile of an airfoil. The surfaces of airfoil-shaped scales are covered by prominent binary-phase grating structures ( Figure 1c ). The grating configuration of each scale on the M. robinsoni disperses the visible spectrum over a small angle, such that at short distances the entire visible spectrum is resolved, and a static microscopic rainbow pattern distinctly emerges ( Figure 1d ). Based on the SEM/TEM images, Hsiung et al. hypothesized that the acute angle-sensitive rainbow-irides- cence of these male spiders results from the interaction of the surface nanograting and microscopic airfoil-shape of the scales. The investigators also used analytical and finite- element optical simulation to identify the mechanism of color production.


Since controlling light through photonic micro- and nano-structures is vitally important in human technology (such as communications, security, computing, etc.), Hsiung et al. attempted to fabricate structures with the properties exhibited by these spiders. T ey used two-photon nanolitho- lography, which is essentially miniaturized 3D printing, to closely replicate the optical properties of the spiders. To appreciate the role of these properties in peacock spider courtship, it is helpful to visualize the small size of these spiders. T ey are about 2.5 mm in length, which is about the thickness of a nickel coin. T e male wiggles his abdomen in the presence of a potential mate thereby displaying the full rainbow—which must be one of the smallest found in nature. It is the fi rst rainbow-iridescent signal in nature to be identifi ed and is likely a direct product of sexual selection through female choice.


Whereas these observations are interesting, the more important contribution of this study is the inspiration this natural structure provides for manufacturing a structure to mimic it. T is powerful bioinspired approach could allow engineers to design and develop optical devices, especially spectrometers that far exceed the capability of any current device. Such improvements would have signifi cant impact on fi elds ranging from life sciences and biotechnology to materials science and engineering. [2]


References [1] B-K Hsiung et al ., Nat Commun 2278 ( 2017 ), DOI 10.1038/ s41467-017-02451-x .


[2] T e author gratefully acknowledges Dr. Bor-Kai Hsiung for reviewing this article.


10


Upgrade Your Ions


Hyperion™ Dual Polarity Ion Sources are now available as direct upgrades from Oregon Physics for FEI FIB 200, PHI Adept 1010, and Cameca NanoSIMS, IMS F series, and 12XX series instruments.


Upgrade your ion source to benefit from: • Longer source lifetime • Better image resolution • Improved depth profiling (SIMS) • Higher currents for milling (FIB)


Oregon Physics’ Hyperion ion sources are designed to bolt-on to your existing optical system for easy implementation.


How will Hyperion improve your research? Learn more at Oregon-Physics.com or call us to discuss your requirements.


Comparison of duoplasmatron versus Hyperion am


(operating on Cameca NanoSIMS) shows beam current as a function of spot size.


er ea


+1 503 601 0041


info@oregon-physics.com www.oregon-physics.com


m 2018 May


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52  |  Page 53  |  Page 54  |  Page 55  |  Page 56  |  Page 57  |  Page 58  |  Page 59  |  Page 60  |  Page 61  |  Page 62  |  Page 63  |  Page 64  |  Page 65  |  Page 66  |  Page 67  |  Page 68