Carmichael’s Concise Review
Figure 1: Hindlimb vibration stimulus: a) Schematic of a vibrational stimulus applied to the right hind limb while imaging with the mini-mScope. b) Composite of a raw grayscale image of the brain and the pseudocolor frame where the largest average ΔF/F occurred within the 1-s stimulus period. The white dashed circle indicates the region of interest with maximum response. c) Montage of average cortical calcium response to the vibration stimulus across time.
Figure 2: Left eye visual stimulus: a) Schematic of a visual stimulus applied to the left eye while imaging with the mini-mScope. b) Composite of a raw grayscale image of the brain and the pseudocolor frame where the largest average ΔF/F occurred within the 1-s stimulus period. The white dashed circle indicates the region of interest with maximum response. c) Montage of average cortical calcium response to the vibration stimulus across time.
appropriate cortical region with a physiological lag time. Some studies involved solitary mice, and other studies included a companion mouse of the same sex. Numerous results demonstrated the utility of the mini-mScope to study functional connectivity during behaviors that are unique to freely behaving mice. Tese and other studies provide proof-of-concept for
the use of the mini-mScope with a wide range of transgenic mice for broad expression of genetically encoded calcium indicators. Furthermore, the availability of mouse models of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders opens the opportunity to use this unique instrument to examine a wide range of complex behaviors in healthy mice and to observe how these activities may be disrupted in disease states.
2021 September •
www.microscopy-today.com Dr. Kodandaramaiah’s laboratory is currently
developing sensors with increased sensitivity and imaging speed along with other improvements to the mini-mScope. Tey are also working to expand the FOV to examine other brain regions. Tese and other efforts are certain to result in a microscope that yields more important revelations of normal and abnormal mammalian brain function.
References [1] Rynes et al., Nat Methods, 18 (2021) https://doi. org/10.1038/s41592-021-01104-8.
[2] Te author gratefully acknowledges Dr. Suhasa Kodandaramaiah for reviewing this article.
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