CONTENTS


Foreword Preface Summary for Policy Makers


PART 1 Introduction to the Mediterranean Basin


The Ecosystem Approach to the Management of Human Activities The Mediterranean Basin and its Waters The Human Mediterranean Basin


PART 2 Human Pressure, State and Impacts on Mediterranean Ecosystems


Coastal Ecosystems and Landscapes Pollution Eutrophication Marine Litter Marine Noise


Non-indigenous Species Commercially Exploited Fish and Shellfish Sea-floor Integrity Hydrographic Conditions Marine Food Webs Biodiversity Cumulative and Concurrent Impacts


PART 3 Regulatory Framework, Major Findings and Gaps and Next Steps in the Ecosystem Approach


Regional and Global Governance and Regulatory Instruments Major Findings on the Pressures and State of the Mediterranean Sea Environment Gap Analysis Next Steps in the Application of the Ecosystem Approach


Annex: List of endangered or threatened species References


37


39 41 51 54 55 56 58 61 62 63 64 68


71


73 84 85 86


88 90


7 9


11


15 17 19 26


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