IP Solutions - Glossary of Terms Cable Modem
A device, not actually a modem, that connects your PC to a cable television line instead of a phone line. The device eanbles you to have Internet access 24 hours a day. The connection is much faster than a dial-up modem.
Cache
Pronounced "cash," this is a special area of memory your computer uses on top of RAM memory. Cache helps boost the performance of the computer by making information even more available than that stored in RAM.
CardBus
A PC Card slot that is a 32-bit bus mastering slot. This slot is commonly the bottom slot on laptops that support it.
CAT 5 Cable
There are categories, or levels, of twisted pair cabl ing. Each level descr ibes the performance characteristics of wiring standards, Category 5 (CAT 5) is the best cable for any network-business or home. CAT 5 works equally well with 10Base-T or with 100Base-T.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The part of the computer that controls devices, components, and so on. Also called processor. the CPU is a printed circuit board that often incudes slots for memory and device cards
CIFS (Common Internet File System)
A protocol that runs over TCP/IP and enables users from different platforms, such as Linux and the Mac, to use Windows operating systems.
Class A IP Addresses
These addresses are used for large networks. To identify a Class A Network address, the first octet uses the numbers from 1 to 126. Class A networks have an 8-bit network prefix; therefore, they are currently referred to as /8s (pronounced "slash eights") or just "eights".
Class B IP Addresses
These addresses are mainly used for medium-sized networks, and the frist octet values range from 128 to 191. Class B network addresses have a 16-bit network prefix; thus, they are referred to as /16s .
Class C IP Addresses
These addresses are reserved for smaller networks. The values for Class C range from 192 to 233. Class C network have a 24-bit network prefix; and are referred to as /24s .
Class D IP Addresses
These addresses arn't used for networks because they’re special multicast or broadcasting addresses.
Class E IP Addresses
These addresses, with values higher than 233 in the first octet, are used only for experimental purposes.
Client
A computer that accesses shared network resources provided by a server. Also refers to one-half of a program installed on a workstation; the other half of the program is installed on a server. The two halves work together to provide data to the user. Also, the network client is the software that enables your computer to become a member of a network
Collision
Happens when two computers or other networking devices send data at the same time to another computer, server, or device. When a collision occurs, the server, or network device sends a request back to the original computer asking for original data. It's best to avoid collisions because they take longer for services to be delivered over the network and they add more network traffic. Switches and routers are good solutions.
COM
Refers to the serial port on a computer. Often the COM port attaches a mouse, modem, or keyboard to the computer. Computers usually have two COM ports: COM1 and COM2.
Data Bits
Describes the number of bits used to transmit a piece of information, uaually 7 or 8.
Datagrams
Packets of data that contain the source and destination address, as well as data intended for its target host. Each datagram contains all the information it needs to find the target host, no matter which paths the other datagrams have taken.
Data Link Layer
One of the ISO/OSI layers. The data link layer controls the flow of data through the network cards.
Dedicated Line
A special high-speed, hard-wired (limited flexibility) connection that is permanent. The connection is always active and therefore always ready.
Default Gateway
A physical device that connects two networks segments. The gateway address looks like an IP address.
Device Driver
The software needed to make a hardware device-sound card, mouse, CD-ROM drive, and so on-work through the operating system.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
A utility for assigning TCP/IP addresses to workstations automatically.
DirectX
A Library of codes in Windows that presents a standardized format for programming. DirectX makes an application, such as a game, accessible to a wide variety of hardware features. Some hardware might not be fully compatible with DirectX.
DMA (direct momory access)
A method of transferring information directly form a hard disk, for example, into memory by bypassing the processor.
DNS
See Domain Name System. IP addresses are difficult to remember, so
Domain Name Sales and Support, Call: 1300 ADI ADI Downstream
Also called download, this is the speed at which information travels from the destination server to you. Downstream speeds are often faster than upstream, because users download more of ten than upload; bandwidths for downloading are therefore extended.
Driver
A set of software routines used to control input and output between the operating system and a device, such as a modem, network card, or other computer equipment.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
A digital technology that transmits data in both directions at once over copper lines (existing phone lines), just like the ones the ISDN service uses. DSL also transmits voice and video. Speeds for DSL are around 160 Kbps. DSL lines are secure and offer low interference.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Ethernet
See DHCP.
A protocol and cabling scheme that transfers data at the rate of 10 Mbps. Ethernet can use the bus or the spanning tree topology connected with various cabling types.
Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) Cable
This cable, which is used with an ECP- enabled parallel port, enables data to transfer more quickly than standard cables. The ECP port must be enabled in the BIOS.
Fiber-Optic Cabling
A fiber-optic transmits data in pulses of light along specially manufactured optical fibers. Fiber-optic cable is lighter and smaller than traditional copper cables, and it's immune to electrical interference. Fiber-optic cable also of fers bet ter signal t ransmission. Unfortunately, fiber-optics is also extremely expensive. The cable is difficult to install and hard to repair; thus, maintenance is more difficult as well.
File Server
A computer with a fast processor and a lot of storage space (in the gigabyte range) that is used to store files in a client/server network.
Technical Support, Call: 1800 220 345
www.adiglobal.com/au 181 Coaxial Cabling
A fast, expensive network cable. Coaxial (coax) cable consists of a plastic jacket surrounding a braided copper shield, plastic insulation, and a solid inner conductor. The cabling is generally free from external interference and supports greater distances, and it is also a secure transfer medium.
domain names can also represent a computer on the Internet. Microsoft's domain name, for example, is
www.microsoft.com. Domain names usually start with www, which stands for World Wide Web; however, www is not always included in an address. Some addresses route to a different server and therefore use different prefixes than www; other addresses use a generic routing, so if you don't use www, the link finds its way on its own.
Domain Name Server Domain Name Syetem (DNS)
See Domain Name System.
A method of matching IP addresses with domain names. When you type a domain name in the URL address area of your browser, that query is Transmitted to a Domain Name Server. A Domain Name Server maintains a database of domain names and IP addresses. The Domain Name Server finds the IP address that matches the domain name and then sends your request on to that server. The process is called name resolution.
Services
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