Reference Material - Cabling Coaxial Cables
Coaxial cable (or “coax) is the most common cable used for transmitting video signals. The mane “coaxial” refers to the common axis of the two conductors.
Construction of Coaxial Cable Jacket
Dielectric Centre Conductor Shields
A coaxial cable has a solid copper or copper-clad-steel centre conductor surrounded by a non-conductive dielectric insulating material. The dielectric is surrounded by foil shield/sand/or copper braid/s which form outer conductor and also shield against electromagnetic interference (EMI). The outer
conductor.shield is encased in a PVC jacket.
Most Coaxial cables for video applications have a nominal impedance of 75 ohms. Their differing electrical and physical characteristics make it important to select the correct type of cable to suit the application.
Types od Coaxial Cables The three most commonly used coaxial cable types for video applications are RG59/U RG6/U and RG11/U. The “RG” number originated from the “registration number” allocated by the US military to each type of cable. The “/U” indicates that the dielectric is unbonded to the centre conductor.
RG59/U is available with either solid copper or copper-clad-steel centre conductor. It’s suitable for basic analog TV antenna feeds in residential applications and for basic CCTV systems over short cable runs. The copper-cald-steel type has high tensile strength and should be used when terminating the cable with F-Type connectors.
RG6/U Dual-shield is used for security systems for analog TV antenna cabling and for CCTV. It features a copper-clad-steel inner conductor. Tri-shield and quad-shield versions of RG6/U provide additional EMI shielding for digital applications.
RG6/U Quad-shield is the minimum requirement under the latest Australian Standard for digital TV antenna cabling and for all TV antenna cabling for apartments/units (MATV). It is also used for the distribution of Cable TV (CATV) and Satellite TV (SATV) in residential or commercial premises. It features a copper-clad-steel inner conductor. Dual-shield and tri-shield versions of RG6/U do not provide adequate EMI shielding for these applications.
RG11/U Quad Shield is used for the same applications as RG6/U for either backbone cabling or for long distribution runs. It features a copper-clad-steel inner conductor.
Coaxial Connectors BNC connectors are bayonet type connectors, commonly used in CCTV systems. They are the most suitable connector for use with RG59/U cable.
F-Type connectors are used for CATV, SATV and Digital TV in conjunction with either RG6/U or RG11/U cables. The copper-clad-steel inner conductor of the cable forms the inner “pin” of the connector. Although “twist-on” type connectors are available, they do not produce a reliable connection in comparison to a crimp type connector that has been terminated with a good-quality ratchet crimping tool.
PAL (Belling Lee) connectors are a push-on connector that has been traditionally used for TV antenna wall plates and connections. With the exception of TV/VCR hook-ups, PAL connectors are being replaced by F-Type connectors as required for CATV, SATV and DTV.
Adaptors. Where BNC connectors are required with RG6/U coaxial cable, it is recommended that an F-Type plug be crimped to the RG6/U and an F-Type to BNC adaptor used.
Power Calculation
The following formula is used to calculate wattage (or VA). This formula is useful to determine if a required voltage and current combination will exceed the maximum capacity of a particular AC Adaptor’s case.
Volts X Amps = Watts (VA) IEC-320 Appliance Connectors
Connector Type Connector Inlet Max. Temp Rated Current C1 C3 C5 C7 C9
C2 C4 C6 C8
C11 C13 C15
C10 C12 C14 C16
C18 C20 C22 C24
70°C 70°C 70°C 70°C 70°C 70°C 70°C
120°C
C15A C16A 155°C C17 C19 C21 C23
70°C 70°C
155°C 70°C
0.2A 2.5A 2.5A 2.5A 6.0A
10.0A 10.0A 10.0A 10.0A 16.0A 16.0A 16.0A 16.0A
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